Showing 61-80 of 807 for: Essential Evidence Topics Back
- Aspergillosis
Essential Evidence Topics, 15-Jan-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Suspect aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients who do not respond to antibiotics; invasive pulmonary aspergillosis typically presents with respiratory symptoms, infiltrates, and fever. Many diagnostic tests exist and are under
- Asthma (acute exacerbation)
Essential Evidence Topics, 31-Dec-2021
Overall Bottom Line: In children, there is no single best tool for assessing severity of exacerbation, monitoring response to treatment or predicting need for hospitalization. Diagnosis in infants should rely on physical exam findings rather than FEV1.
- Asthma (chronic management)
Essential Evidence Topics, 28-Feb-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Symptoms of asthma include wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing or chest tightness. Long-term management of asthma requires control of inflammation, as well as identification and avoidance of triggers. Chronic asthma is treated
- Atopic dermatitis and eczema
Essential Evidence Topics, 15-Jan-2022
Overall Bottom Line: The diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (AD) is primarily based on history and clinical presentation of disease; there is no definitive diagnostic test. Findings that best rule in diagnosis are onset before age 2, visible flexural eczema
- Atrial fibrillation and flutter
Essential Evidence Topics, 9-Jun-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Transesophageal echocardiogram is important to rule out atrial thrombus prior to pharmacological or electrical cardioversion of atrial flutter or fibrillation that has lasted more than 48 hours or is of unknown duration. In a single
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Essential Evidence Topics, 19-Oct-2020
Overall Bottom Line: The diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is made on the basis of reports of behavior and symptoms and not by specific testing. Use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition criteria
- Autism
Essential Evidence Topics, 26-Dec-2021
Overall Bottom Line: AAP guidelines (but not USPSTF) recommend screening all children at 18 and 24 months of age by using the M-CHAT tool. Refer children suspected of having an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for both educational intervention services (s
- Avascular necrosis
Essential Evidence Topics, 28-Feb-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Although a variety of mechanisms have been proposed for the development of avascular necrosis of the femoral head, no single etiology has been identified; however, the basic mechanism involves impaired circulation to a specific area t
- Avian influenza
Essential Evidence Topics, 13-Jul-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Suspect avian influenza in patients with confirmed fever, influenza-like illness, and exposure to poultry or an infected human in an H5N1 infected country; confirm diagnosis with real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test from
- Babesiosis
Essential Evidence Topics, 9-Dec-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Consider the diagnosis of babesiosis in individuals who present with flulike signs and symptoms who have recently traveled to areas endemic for babesiosis (northeast United States) or have had exposure to persons who traveled to these
- Back pain (low, acute)
Essential Evidence Topics, 23-Apr-2022
Overall Bottom Line: In the absence of "red flag" symptoms, clinicians should not routinely order imaging or other diagnostic tests in patients with nonspecific low back pain (LBP). Imaging after a trial of therapy is recommended for patients with signs
- Back pain (low, chronic)
Essential Evidence Topics, 27-Dec-2021
Overall Bottom Line: The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) found insufficient evidence for or against the routine use of interventions such as increased physical activity to prevent lower back pain (LBP) in adults. Diagnostic imaging
- Balanitis
Essential Evidence Topics, 6-Sep-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Balanitis is most often caused by candida and lichen sclerosis. Other causes of balanitis should be excluded by culture or blood tests when the onset is acute, or if vesicles or chancre is present. Biopsy should be ordered if sympto
- Barbiturate toxicity
Essential Evidence Topics, 7-Feb-2022
Bottom-line: Obtain objective proof, when possible, of the time, quantity, and amount of the ingested product. Treatment is supportive. Ipecac or cathartic treatment should not be used; activated charcoal may prevent further absorption of ingested phe
- Barrett's esophagus
Essential Evidence Topics, 24-Jun-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Screening for Barrett's esophagus (BE) in the general population is not recommended; it is not addressed by the USPSTF. Screening for BE in high risk populations may be beneficial but clinical trials are lacking. Diagnosis is made
- Bartholin abscess
Essential Evidence Topics, 5-Jul-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Bartholin abscess (BA) is a common vulvar condition in women of reproductive age. Patients typically present with a soft, painful, fluctuant lump 1 to 3 cm in diameter on either side of the labia . Culture of abscess fluid is recomme
- Behcet syndrome
Essential Evidence Topics, 15-Jan-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Consider the diagnosis of Behcet’s disease in patients with mucocutaneous lesions. Diagnosis is based upon the clinical criteria of the International Study Group. Treatment depends on the clinical presentation. Potentially useful dr
- Bell's palsy
Essential Evidence Topics, 17-May-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Bell's palsy is a clinical diagnosis based on the onset of acute unilateral facial paralysis over 1 to 7 days that does not usually require further work-up. Early use (within 3 days of symptom onset) of corticosteroids increases the
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Essential Evidence Topics, 27-Jul-2022
Overall Bottom Line: The American Urological Association (AUA) symptom score can accurately and reliably predict the severity of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostate cancer should be considered in any patient with BPH symptoms. Alpha-adrenergi
- Benzodiazepine toxicity
Essential Evidence Topics, 21-Jan-2022
BOTTOM LINE: Clinical presentation generally consists of CNS depression, drowsiness, slurred speech, nystagmus, coma, respiratory depression, and hypotension. Address the ABCs (airway, breathing, circulation). Do not give ipecac or activated charcoal wi
