Showing 681-700 of 803 for: Essential Evidence Topics Back
- Sexually transmitted diseases (gonococcal infections)
Essential Evidence Topics, 8-Apr-2021
Overall Bottom Line: The United States Preventive Services Task Force (2014) recommends screening all women age 24 years and younger and those who are older and at high risk for chlamydia or gonorrhea infections using a nucleic acid amplification test (NA
- Shoulder pain (adhesive capsulitis)
Essential Evidence Topics, 8-Jul-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Determine both active and passive range of motion (ROM). Obtain a series of shoulder radiographs to rule out other conditions. Provide NSAIDs for pain control, especially before therapy or exercises. Send the patient to physical
- Shoulder pain (rotator cuff injury)
Essential Evidence Topics, 28-Jul-2021
Overall Bottom Line: The clinical examination is sensitive at detecting tear but not specific. A clinical decision rule that includes three signs plus age can help diagnose rotator cuff tear. Ultrasound, MRI, and MR arthrograms can be used to diagnose
- Shoulder pain evaluation
Essential Evidence Topics, 13-Apr-2020
Overall Bottom Line: The clinical examination is sensitive but not specific for rotator cuff tear. A simple clinical decision rule can help identify patients at low, moderate, or high risk of rotator cuff tears. Shoulder radiographs are recommended fo
- Sialadenitis
Essential Evidence Topics, 19-Jul-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Sialadenitis is clinically diagnosed by the sudden onset of an indurated, warm, erythematous swelling of a salivary gland. Maintenance of adequate hydration and broad-spectrum oral antimicrobial therapy are initial therapy for patie
- Sialolithiasis
Essential Evidence Topics, 17-Apr-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Patients who present with unilateral salivary gland swelling and/or pain should be carefully examined; the diagnosis can often be confirmed clinically by the presence of visible or palpable stones. If unable to confirm submandibular
- Sickle cell anemia
Essential Evidence Topics, 30-Jun-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Order pneumococcal and influenza vaccination. Screen all patients for conditions as recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) along with specific sickle cell conditions including stroke, retinopathy, p
- Silicosis
Essential Evidence Topics, 27-Jul-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Work with engineered stone is an important contemporary risk factor.23, 24 Silicosis is diagnosed based on history of exposure to silica with associated chest x-ray or CT scan findings (usually nodular changes in the upper lung zones
- Sinus arrhythmia and sick sinus
Essential Evidence Topics, 11-Sep-2019
Overall Bottom Line: Electrophysiologic (EP) studies are recommended for symptomatic patients in whom sinus node dysfunction (SND) is suspected but for whom a causal relationship has not been established. Permanent pacemaker is recommended in SND patien
- Sinusitis (adult, acute)
Essential Evidence Topics, 28-Sep-2020
Overall Bottom Line: Bacterial rhinosinusitis is more likely in patients with preceding cold, unilateral tender maxillary sinuses, maxillary toothache, and purulent nasal discharge. It is also more likely in patients with more severe symptoms, and possibl
- Sinusitis (adult, chronic)
Essential Evidence Topics, 22-Mar-2021
Overall Bottom Line: The clinical diagnosis of chronic sinusitis is imprecise. Computed tomography (CT) scan can be used to rule out chronic sinusitis but is not specific enough to effectively rule in chronic sinusitis. ENT evaluation and/or CT scan of
- Sinusitis (child)
Essential Evidence Topics, 22-Mar-2021
Overall Bottom Line: In a child with a cold, consider rhinosinusitis when symptoms last beyond 10 days or when they are more severe than usual or worsen after several days of improvement. Suspect a complication if orbital or meningeal or neurological symp
- Sjogren's syndrome
Essential Evidence Topics, 3-Aug-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration and destruction of salivary, lacrimal, and other exocrine glands. Key symptoms include dry mouth and dry eye. If clinically suspect
- Skin cancer (basal cell)
Essential Evidence Topics, 16-Feb-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Look for clinical features that are suspicious for all subtypes of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) including nodular (pearly with telangiectasias), superficial (scaling and thready border), and sclerosing (scarlike). Biopsy suspicious le
- Skin cancer (melanoma)
Essential Evidence Topics, 8-Apr-2020
Overall Bottom Line: Examine closely any lesion that a patient states is changing in size, shape, symptoms (itching, tenderness), surface (especially bleeding), and shades of color. Look for the ABCDE criteria (). Dermoscopy is more sensitive than the u
- Skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma)
Essential Evidence Topics, 5-Jul-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Biopsy any growing or ulcerated lesion that does not heal, bleeds easily, or steadily grows in a sun-exposed area or a mucus membrane. Surgical resection for definitive treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) should include margi
- Sleep apnea
Essential Evidence Topics, 18-Aug-2020
Overall Bottom Line: A diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) should be considered for any complaint of excessive daytime sleepiness. Attended polysomnography is the diagnostic gold standard for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). A
- Smallpox
Essential Evidence Topics, 4-Jan-2020
Overall Bottom Line: The last naturally occurring case of smallpox was reported in 1977. Smallpox is characterized by several days of prodromal illness, followed by a diffuse macular rash beginning in the mouth and face and spreading centripetally, even
- Smoke inhalation injury
Essential Evidence Topics, 25-Jan-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Suspect smoke inhalation in patients with respiratory symptoms and in any patient found unconscious, found in a closed environment, or found with soot or burns in or near pharynx. Give high-flow oxygen at the scene and postexposure.
- Smoking cessation
Essential Evidence Topics, 8-Jun-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Screen all adults at every visit for smoking cessation ("smoking as a vital sign"). Assess readiness to quit using the 5 As: Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange. Individualized counseling, physician advice, tailored education
