Showing 261-280 of 807 for: Essential Evidence Topics Back
- Esophageal varices
Essential Evidence Topics, 3-May-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Patients should be screened for varices with esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) when the diagnosis of cirrhosis is first made. In patients with Child class B or C chronic liver disease and varices, nonselective beta blockers should be
- Ethylene glycol poisoning
Essential Evidence Topics, 1-Mar-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Ethylene glycol toxicity should be suspected in patients presenting with altered mental status and possible/unknown substance ingestion. Diagnostic laboratory tests should include arterial blood gases, serum chemistries, anion gap,
- Ewing sarcoma
Essential Evidence Topics, 30-Dec-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Patients require complete evaluation of primary tumor and possible metastatic sites. Combination chemotherapy with a regimen that includes doxorubicin, ifosfamide, and etoposide improves outcomes. Local control strategies remain c
- Excision of lesion (procedure)
Essential Evidence Topics, 1-Oct-2021
Indications for Procedure: Excisional biopsy provides useful diagnostic information and can be definitive treatment for some malignant and precancerous lesions.40, 41 Full dermal thickness excision was previously recommended as the gold standard for diagn
- Failure to thrive
Essential Evidence Topics, 1-Feb-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Close monitoring of growth parameters is essential to diagnosing failure to thrive (FTT). Measure and plot height/length, weight, and head circumference at every well child visit. If no clear cause is found after a thorough history
- Falls in elderly patients
Essential Evidence Topics, 4-Jul-2022
Overall Bottom Line: All older persons should be asked about falls. Patients may not volunteer this information. Patients who have fallen or have a gait or balance problem are at higher risk of future falls. Screen for gait and balance in patients >
- Fatigue
Essential Evidence Topics, 25-Oct-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Fatigue occurs in up to 20% of patients who seek medical care. Among patients with longstanding fatigue, only one third meet CDC criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). A thorough history and physical examination are crucial
- Fecal impaction
Essential Evidence Topics, 1-Jul-2019
Overall Bottom Line: In neonates and children, check for red flag causes of symptoms: Hirschprung's disease, other obstruction, fever, elevated white count, bloody diarrhea. Both oral (polyethylene glycol [PEG], mineral oil) and rectal medications (vari
- Female athletic triad syndrome
Essential Evidence Topics, 30-Mar-2021
Overall Bottom Line: The history should focus on training regimen, menstrual history, previous fractures, family history of osteopenia, and signs of disordered eating. Explain the potential connection between poor nutrition and caloric intake coupled wi
- Fetal alcohol syndrome
Essential Evidence Topics, 24-Sep-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) defects are permanent and may prevent affected individuals from living independently. High rates of co-morbid conditions are found in children with FAS including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Fever of unknown origin
Essential Evidence Topics, 12-Aug-2019
Overall Bottom Line: Thorough history taking and continuous observation is extremely important; repeat history after the physical if there are no clues. Exclude factitious fever and drug-related fever first. Infections (extrapulmonary tuberculosis [TB
- Fibrocystic breast disease
Essential Evidence Topics, 19-Nov-2019
Overall Bottom Line: Fibrocystic disease is a benign breast condition characterized by cyclic mastalgia. Fibrocystic disease is not associated with an increase in the risk of breast cancer. In the evaluation of breast pain or fibrocystic breasts, wome
- Fibromyalgia
Essential Evidence Topics, 19-Jul-2022
Overall Bottom Line: The diagnosis of fibromyalgia syndrome is made using the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. Effective medications include tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), duloxetine or milnacipran, muscle relaxants, tramadol,
- Folliculitis
Essential Evidence Topics, 4-Dec-2020
Overall Bottom Line: Suspect folliculitis in patients presenting with erythematous, follicularly-centered papules and pustules of the scalp, face, chest, back, axilla, thigh, buttocks, and groin. If available, perform dermoscopy to differentiate follicul
- Follow-up of the patient with cancer
Essential Evidence Topics, 20-Jul-2022
Bottom Line: Cancer survivors should be strongly advised to stop using tobacco products, and provided assistance with tobacco cessation. Breast cancer survivors should receive annual mammography on remaining breast tissue. Colorectal cancer survivors
- Follow-up of the premature infant
Essential Evidence Topics, 20-Jun-2022
Bottom Line: Arrange follow-up prior to discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Refer to an ophthalmologist for follow-up assessment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Perform a hearing screening prior to discharge from the NICU. C
- Food allergy
Essential Evidence Topics, 3-Jun-2022
Overall Bottom Line: While adverse reactions to food are common in the population, true food allergy represents a small percentage of all adverse reactions. It is important to determine if an IgE-mediated food allergy is present. The primary tools ava
- Foodborne illness
Essential Evidence Topics, 25-Oct-2021
Overall Bottom Line: In the developed world most episodes of food poisoning are self-limited. Stool cultures are recommended to identify specific pathogens in patients with prolonged or bloody diarrhea, severe dehydration, or systemic illness. Consult
- Foreign body (gastrointestinal)
Essential Evidence Topics, 25-Feb-2019
Overall Bottom Line: Parents should not leave small objects or high-risk food products in reach of small children. All esophageal foreign bodies require immediate evaluation for possible endoscopic removal. Foreign bodies in the stomach and intesti
- Foreign body (nasal and ear)
Essential Evidence Topics, 21-Jul-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Perform otoscopy or rhinoscopy to confirm diagnosis of ear or nasal foreign body (FB) in a child presenting with unilateral mucopurulent discharge of the ear or nose. Remove external auditory canal FBs using irrigation, suction, or i
