Showing 241-260 of 809 for: Essential Evidence Topics Back
- Encephalitis
Essential Evidence Topics, 10-Jul-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Suspect encephalitis in patients with acute onset of fever, mental status changes, and headache. CSF analysis is essential for diagnosis. All cases of suspected encephalitis should be treated with acyclovir while an etiology is be
- Encopresis in children
Essential Evidence Topics, 19-Aug-2021
Overall Bottom Line: A thorough history and physical examination is sufficient to diagnose children with functional constipation and encopresis in most cases. Fever, abdominal distension, anorexia, bloody diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, or poor
- Endocarditis
Essential Evidence Topics, 27-Apr-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Infective endocarditis (IE) should be suspected in a patient with bacteremia that has no clear source (especially if the patient has structural cardiac abnormalities, prosthetic valves, intravenous drug use, or intravenous catheters).
- End-of-life care
Essential Evidence Topics, 28-Mar-2023
OVERALL BOTTOM LINE: There are many conditions (eg, cancer, end-stage heart disease), where it is reasonable to help patients and their families prepare for dying. Accurate and timely communication with patients and families and attention to physical, p
- Endometriosis
Essential Evidence Topics, 26-Jan-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Empiric diagnosis is reasonable based on clinical presentation. The levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) can be used as first-line treatment for pain relief; GnRH analogues and laparoscopic ablation or excision are also effe
- Endometritis
Essential Evidence Topics, 8-Jun-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Use of a single dose prophylactic antibiotic in women undergoing cesarean section and vaginal preparation with povidone-iodine solution immediately before cesarean delivery reduce the incidence of endometritis. For women undergoing
- Entameba histolytica infection (amebiasis)
Essential Evidence Topics, 30-Jan-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Consider ordering a stool antigen test or stool PCR test for E. histolytica in patients with diarrhea and other risk factors (e.g., travel to endemic area). Treat symptomatic patients with tinidazole (preferred) or metronidazole to
- Enuresis (childhood)
Essential Evidence Topics, 18-Aug-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Consider enuresis in any child who was dry and begins wetting or who urinates into clothes or bed at least twice a week for 3 months after 5 years of age. Use history and physical to exclude associated symptoms and conditions includi
- Epidermoid cyst
Essential Evidence Topics, 14-Jan-2022
Overall Bottom Line:
- Epididymitis
Essential Evidence Topics, 28-Jun-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Typical presentation is subacute or gradual onset of scrotal (epididymal) pain, often with fever or urinary symptoms. If testicular torsion suspected, urgently refer the patient to a urologist. Between the ages of 14 and 35 years,
- Epidural abscess
Essential Evidence Topics, 13-Dec-2019
Overall Bottom Line: Consider epidural abscess and obtain imaging in patients with back pain and fever or neurologic deficit. Obtain ESR and CRP for patients with back pain and risk factors (diabetes mellitus, IV drug use, indwelling catheter, recent sp
- Epiglottitis
Essential Evidence Topics, 30-Jan-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Suspect epiglottitis in any child or adult with abrupt onset of rapidly progressive sore throat, fever, dysphagia, and muffled voice. Diagnosis depends on clinical suspicion, confirmed by direct visualization of the epiglottis. Ai
- Episcleritis and scleritis
Essential Evidence Topics, 1-May-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Suspect scleritis or episcleritis in a patient with red or violet eye, especially if history of autoimmune or collagen vascular disease. Diagnosis of scleritis requires a complete ophthalmic examination and a systemic evaluation to
- Epistaxis and nosebleeds
Essential Evidence Topics, 13-Apr-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Simple measures are helpful in stopping most nosebleeds: nose blowing to clear clots, pinching the nose for 5-15 minutes and topical decongestants. Cauterizing visible bleeding vessels with AgNO3 or electrocautery are equally effec
- Erectile dysfunction
Essential Evidence Topics, 26-Nov-2021
Overall Bottom Line: The American Urological Association (AUA) and World Health Organization (WHO) recommend limited diagnostic testing in men with erectile dysfunction (ED): fasting glucose or glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1C), lipid profile, thyroid-stimu
- Erysipelas
Essential Evidence Topics, 16-Dec-2019
Overall Bottom Line: Erysipelas is characterized by acute inflammatory plaques that are raised above the level of the surrounding skin, with a clear line of demarcation between involved and uninvolved tissue. Fever, lymphangitis, adenopathy, and leukocyto
- Erythema multiforme
Essential Evidence Topics, 11-Apr-2023
Overall Bottom Line: Consider a diagnosis of erythema multiforme (EM) among patients presenting with mostly cutaneous (sometimes mucosal) fixed targetoid lesions along the acral skin, especially in the setting of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. EM
- Erythroplasia, leukoplakia, and early oral/oropharyngeal cancer
Essential Evidence Topics, 3-Aug-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Abstinence from tobacco and limited alcohol intake (ie, 8 oz wine, 2 cans beer) is recommended. Leukoplakia should be followed carefully. If changes in thickness or development of inflammation after 14 days, recommend biopsy. Lesion
- Esophageal cancer
Essential Evidence Topics, 3-Jul-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Esophageal cancer is typically diagnosed in older men with symptoms of dysphagia and weight loss. Pathologic diagnosis is required and tissue is obtained by endoscopic biopsy and cytology. Tumor location and staging determine ther
- Esophageal varices
Essential Evidence Topics, 3-May-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Patients should be screened for varices with esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) when the diagnosis of cirrhosis is first made. In patients with Child class B or C chronic liver disease and varices, nonselective beta blockers should be
