Showing 1-20 of 32 for: Essential Evidence Topics > Male genitourinary 
- Balanitis
Essential Evidence Topics, 6-Sep-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Balanitis is most often caused by candida and lichen sclerosis. Other causes of balanitis should be excluded by culture or blood tests when the onset is acute, or if vesicles or chancre is present. Biopsy should be ordered if sympto
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Essential Evidence Topics, 27-Jul-2022
Overall Bottom Line: The American Urological Association (AUA) symptom score can accurately and reliably predict the severity of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostate cancer should be considered in any patient with BPH symptoms. Alpha-adrenergi
- Care for patients who identify as transgender
Essential Evidence Topics, 26-Oct-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Patients who are diagnosed with gender incongruence and/or gender dysphoria may not desire hormone therapy but those who are treated with hormone therapy have an improved sense of self and decreased anxiety as well as less dysphoria.
- Chancroid
Essential Evidence Topics, 13-Dec-2019
Overall Bottom Line: Chancroid is characterized by painful genital ulceration and inflammatory inguinal lymphadenopathy. Test for HSV and syphilis in all patients with genital ulcers. Effective treatments include azithromycin 1 g as a single dose, cip
- Chlamydia urethritis and cervicitis
Essential Evidence Topics, 11-Jun-2022
Overall Bottom Line: While often asymptomatic, men may have penile discharge, dysuria, or urethral pruritus and women may have abnormal vaginal discharge, dysuria, or intermenstrual vaginal bleeding. Screen all pregnant and nonpregnant women who are sex
- Circumcision (procedure)
Essential Evidence Topics, 27-May-2021
Indications for procedure: The specialty board position statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics (also endorsed by the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology) states that benefits of neonatal circumcision outweigh the risks and that the pr
- Cryptorchidism
Essential Evidence Topics, 25-Jan-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Most children with cryptorchidism present at birth with nonpalpable testes on routine examination; further diagnostic testing is not routinely recommended. After 6 months, spontaneous descent is very rare. The United States Preven
- Epididymitis
Essential Evidence Topics, 28-Jun-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Typical presentation is subacute or gradual onset of scrotal (epididymal) pain, often with fever or urinary symptoms. If testicular torsion suspected, urgently refer the patient to a urologist. Between the ages of 14 and 35 years,
- Erectile dysfunction
Essential Evidence Topics, 26-Nov-2021
Overall Bottom Line: The American Urological Association (AUA) and World Health Organization (WHO) recommend limited diagnostic testing in men with erectile dysfunction (ED): fasting glucose or glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1C), lipid profile, thyroid-stimu
- Hydrocele
Essential Evidence Topics, 26-Jun-2019
Overall Bottom Line: Diagnosis of hydrocele can be made by examination; order ultrasound if any uncertainty exists that hydrocele is the sole pathology. Asymptomatic noncommunicating hydroceles can safely go untreated. Communicating or symptomatic hyd
- Hypoactive sexual disorder (male)
Essential Evidence Topics, 10-Nov-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Individuals with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) have a persistent and recurrent absence of sexual fantasies or desire for sexual activity, causing personal or interpersonal distress. Hypoactive sexual desire among men shou
- Incontinence (male)
Essential Evidence Topics, 8-Nov-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Urinary incontinence in men is typically diagnosed by history; a micturation diary may aid in assessing severity. A urinalysis and post-void residual are recommended to rule out some reversible causes. Treat any underlying cause o
- Infertility (male)
Essential Evidence Topics, 5-Aug-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Diagnostic evaluation of male infertility includes careful history, physical examination, semen analysis, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone levels if earlier findings are abnormal. Se
- Klinefelter syndrome
Essential Evidence Topics, 4-Oct-2021
Overall Bottom Line: The range of presentation is highly variable, and many patients present as adults with infertility. Klinefelter syndrome is underdiagnosed, and clinicians should be mindful of the syndrome when examining well children and adults. Th
- Lymphogranuloma venereum
Essential Evidence Topics, 30-Jan-2022
Overall Bottom Line: The causative agent of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) serovars L1, L2, or L3. Fever, malaise, and proctocolitis are the most common presentation of LGV. Among heterosexuals, tender inguinal or femoral ly
- Orchitis
Essential Evidence Topics, 25-Oct-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Suspect orchitis in patients with a tender testicle, fever, and enlarged, tender inguinal lymph nodes. For men between the ages of 14 years and 35 years, where sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are the most common cause of epid
- Phimosis and paraphimosis
Essential Evidence Topics, 26-Dec-2022
Overall Bottom Line: Most cases of phimosis are physiologic and no intervention is needed. In boys with phimosis, a 4-week trial of medium potency steroid cream may be considered. Patients with scarring of the prepuce, painful erections, or who are 15
- Premature ejaculation
Essential Evidence Topics, 30-Nov-2020
Overall Bottom Line: An intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) between 1 and 2 minutes or having 15 or fewer penile thrusts before ejaculation are diagnostic of premature ejaculation. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are effective a
- Priapism
Essential Evidence Topics, 28-Jun-2021
Overall Bottom Line: Priapism is a medical emergency; urgent referral to a urologist is recommended. Males with sickle cell disease (SCD) are more likely to experience attacks of priapism. Priapism lasting less than 36 hours can be successfully treate
- Prostatitis (chronic)
Essential Evidence Topics, 20-Oct-2021
Overall Bottom Line: The 2-glass (or 4-glass) test is the diagnostic test of choice for patients with suspected chronic bacterial prostatitis. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is a diagnosis of exclusion. Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and lomefloxac
