Showing 141-160 of 296 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Healthcare management and organization 
- Interventions to increase or decrease the length of primary care physicians' consultation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Aug-2016
Observational studies have shown differences in process and outcome between the consultations of primary care physicians whose average consultation lengths differ. These differences may be due to self selection. This is the first update of the original re
- Interventions to increase the use of electronic health information by healthcare practitioners to improve clinical practice and patient outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2015
There is a large volume of health information available, and, if applied in clinical practice, may contribute to effective patient care. Despite an abundance of information, sub-optimal care is common. Many factors influence practitioners' use of health i
- Interventions to reduce harm from continued tobacco use
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Oct-2016
Although smoking cessation is currently the only guaranteed way to reduce the harm caused by tobacco smoking, a reasonable secondary tobacco control approach may be to try and reduce the harm from continued tobacco use amongst smokers unable or unwilling
- Interventions to support the decision-making process for older people facing the possibility of long-term residential care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jul-2008
The decision to enter long-term care is often a major life event for older people, made in the context of personal crisis and loss. We hypothesised that the process through which a decision to enter long-term residential care emerges affects the overall p
- Interventions used to improve control of blood pressure in patients with hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
Patients with high blood pressure (hypertension) in the community frequently fail to meet treatment goals - a condition labelled as "uncontrolled" hypertension. The optimal way to organize and deliver care to hypertensive patients has not been clearly ide
- Intra‐abdominal drains for the prophylaxis of anastomotic leak in elective colorectal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2004
Elective colorectal surgery can involve formation of bowel anastomoses, which may be complicated by postoperative anastomotic leaks. Routine intra-operative drain placement aims to help clinicians diagnose and treat postoperative leaks. There is little ag
- Intravenous or intramuscular parecoxib for acute postoperative pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2009
Parecoxib was the first COX-2 available for parenteral administration, and may, given intravenously or intramuscularly, offer advantages over oral medication when patients have nausea and vomiting or are unable to swallow, such as in the immediate postope
- Laparoscopic entry techniques
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2019
Laparoscopy is a common procedure in many surgical specialties. Complications arising from laparoscopy are often related to initial entry into the abdomen. Life-threatening complications include injury to viscera (e.g. bowel, bladder) or to vasculature (e
- Laparoscopic versus open liver resection for benign and malignant hepatic lesions in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2013
Liver (hepatic) resection refers to removal of the whole liver, or one or more of its vascular segments. Elective liver resection is mainly performed for benign and malignant liver tumours. The operation can be performed as an open procedure or with a lap
- Laparoscopic versus open total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Apr-2014
Colorectal cancer including rectal cancer is the third most common cause of cancer deaths in the western world. For colon carcinoma, laparoscopic surgery is proven to result in faster postoperative recovery, fewer complications and better cosmetic results
- Long‐term results of laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2008
Although minimally invasive surgery has been accepted for a variety of disorders, laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer is performed by few. Concern about oncological radicality and long term outcome has limited the adoption of laparoscopic surgery
- Low protein diets for non‐diabetic adults with chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2020
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as reduced function of the kidneys present for 3 months or longer with adverse implications for health and survival. For several decades low protein diets have been proposed for participants with CKD with the aim of
- Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2011
Primary healthcare (PHC) workers often work alone or in isolation. Healthcare managerial supervision is recommended to help assure quality; but this requires skilled supervisors and takes time and resources. It is therefore important to assess to what ext
- Massage for low‐back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2015
Low-back pain (LBP) is one of the most common and costly musculoskeletal problems in modern society. It is experienced by 70% to 80% of adults at some time in their lives. Massage therapy has the potential to minimize pain and speed return to normal funct
- Mechanical bowel preparation for elective colorectal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2011
The presence of bowel contents during colorectal surgery has been related to anastomotic leakage, but the belief that mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) is an efficient agent against leakage and infectious complications is based on observational data and
- Media‐based behavioural treatments for behavioural problems in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2006
Many approaches are used to address behavioural problems in childhood including medication or, more usually, psychological treatments either directly with the child and/or his/her family. Behavioural and cognitive-behavioural interventions have been shown
- Medical day hospital care for older people versus alternative forms of care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jun-2015
The proportion of the world's population aged over 60 years is increasing. Therefore, there is a need to examine different methods of healthcare provision for this population. Medical day hospitals provide multidisciplinary health services to older people
- Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of jet lag
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2002
Jet lag commonly affects air travellers who cross several time zones. It results from the body's internal rhythms being out of step with the day-night cycle at the destination. Melatonin is a pineal hormone that plays a central part in regulating bodily r
- Methods of communicating a primary diagnosis of breast cancer to patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
The method of delivering a diagnosis of breast cancer to women has the potential to impact on their level of interpretation, patient recall and satisfaction.
- Mobile phone messaging for communicating results of medical investigations
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
Mobile phone messaging, such as Short Message Service (SMS) and Multimedia Message Service (MMS), has rapidly grown into a mode of communication with a wide range of applications, including communicating the results from medical investigations to patients
