- Clomiphene and other antioestrogens for ovulation induction in polycystic ovarian syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Dec-2016
Subfertility due to anovulation is a common problem in women. First-line oral treatment is with antioestrogens such as clomiphene citrate, but resistance may be apparent with clomiphene. Alternative and adjunctive treatments have been used including tamox - Clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with oligo-amenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2008
The administration of clomiphene citrate is followed by an enhanced release of pituitary gonadotropins resulting in follicular recruitment. After the drug is stopped, there is continuing secretion of estradiol, selection of the dominant follicle and, in s - Clomiphene citrate for unexplained subfertility in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
The effectiveness of clomiphene citrate has been demonstrated in the treatment of subfertility associated with infrequent or irregular ovulation. The physiologic effects and clinical benefits in ovulatory women with unexplained subfertility are less clear - Clomiphene or tamoxifen for idiopathic oligo/asthenospermia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2008
Oligo-astheno-teratospermia (sperm of low concentration, reduced motility and increased abnormal morphology) of unknown cause is common and the need for treatment is felt by patients and doctors alike. As a result, a variety of empirical, non-specific tre - Clonazepam add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2020
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in 2018, Issue 5. - Clonazepam for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2019
Antiepileptic drugs have been used in pain management since the 1960s; some have shown efficacy in treating different neuropathic pain conditions. Clonazepam, a benzodiazepine, is an established antiepileptic drug, but its place in the treatment of neurop - Clonazepam monotherapy for treating people with newly diagnosed epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Feb-2022
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide, with an age-adjusted prevalence of 4 to 8 per 1000 population and an age-adjusted incidence of 44 per 100,000 person-years in developed countries. Monotherapy represents the best therape - Clonidine for pain in non‐ventilated infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Apr-2020
Critically ill newborn infants undergo a variety of painful procedures or experience a variety of painful conditions during their early life in the neonatal unit. In the critically ill paediatric and neonatal population, clonidine is prescribed as an adju - Clonidine for sedation and analgesia for neonates receiving mechanical ventilation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2017
Although routine administration of pharmacologic sedation or analgesia during mechanical ventilation in preterm neonates is not recommended, its use in clinical practice remains common. Alpha-2 agonists, mainly clonidine and dexmedetomidine, are used as a - Clonidine for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2004
Clonidine was originally used to lower blood pressure. It acts on the central nervous system and may reduce withdrawal symptoms in various addictive behaviours, including tobacco use. - Clonidine premedication for postoperative analgesia in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2014
Postoperative pain remains a significant problem following paediatric surgery. Premedication with a suitable agent may improve its management. Clonidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist which has sedative, anxiolytic and analgesic properties. It may there - Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus aspirin alone for preventing cardiovascular events
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Dec-2017
Aspirin is the prophylactic antiplatelet drug of choice for people with cardiovascular disease. Adding a second antiplatelet drug to aspirin may produce additional benefit for people at high risk and people with established cardiovascular disease. This is - Closed reduction methods for treating distal radial fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2003
Fracture of the distal radius is a common clinical problem. Displaced fractures are usually reduced using closed reduction methods, which are non-surgical and generally comprise traction and manipulation. The resulting position is then stabilised, typical - Closed suction surgical wound drainage after orthopaedic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
Closed suction drainage systems are frequently used to drain fluids, particularly blood, from surgical wounds. The aim of these systems is to reduce the occurrence of wound haematomas and infection. - Closed tracheal suction systems versus open tracheal suction systems for mechanically ventilated adult patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a common complication in ventilated patients. Endotracheal suctioning is a procedure that may constitute a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia. It can be performed with an open system or with a closed system. - Closed‐system drug‐transfer devices plus safe handling of hazardous drugs versus safe handling alone for reducing exposure to infusional hazardous drugs in healthcare staff
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Mar-2018
Occupational exposure to hazardous drugs can decrease fertility and result in miscarriages, stillbirths, and cancers in healthcare staff. Several recommended practices aim to reduce this exposure, including protective clothing, gloves, and biological safe - Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2017
Surgeons who perform laparotomy have a number of decisions to make regarding abdominal closure. Material and size of potential suture types varies widely. In addition, surgeons can choose to close the incision in anatomic layers or mass ('en masse'), as w - Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2017
Laparoscopic appendectomy is amongst the most common general surgical procedures performed in the developed world. Arguably, the most critical part of this procedure is effective closure of the appendix stump to prevent catastrophic intra-abdominal compli - Closure versus medical therapy for preventing recurrent stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale and a history of cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic attack
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Aug-2015
The optimal therapy for preventing recurrent stroke in people with cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale (PFO) has not been defined. The choice between medical therapy (antithrombotic treatment with antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants) and transca - Closure versus non-closure of the peritoneum at caesarean section: short- and long-term outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Aug-2014
Caesarean section is a very common surgical procedure worldwide. Suturing the peritoneal layers at caesarean section may or may not confer benefit, hence the need to evaluate whether this step should be omitted or routinely performed.
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