- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Involvment of the shoulder joint in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to severe destruction of the glenohumeral joint. When conservative treatment does not result in sufficient improvement, surgical procedures may be considered as the only ben - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Fracture of the distal radius ('broken wrist') is a common clinical problem. It can be treated conservatively, usually involving wrist immobilisation in a plaster cast, or surgically. A key method of surgical fixation is external fixation. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Electromechanical- and robot-assisted gait-training devices are used in rehabilitation and might help to improve walking after stroke. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2007 and previously updated in 2017. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Approximately 1 in 10 pregnancies is affected by meconium passage at delivery, which can result in meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). MAS can cause respiratory complications and, very rarely, death. Antibiotics have been prescribed for neonates exposed t - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
In recent years there has been a rise in the participation rate of women in employment. Some may become pregnant while in employment and subsequently deliver their babies. Most may decide to return early to work after giving birth for various reasons. Unl - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Genital tract infection is associated with preterm birth (before 37 weeks' gestation). Screening for infections during pregnancy may therefore reduce the numbers of babies being born prematurely. However, screening for infections may have some adverse eff - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. RDS is caused by a deficiency, dysfunction, or inactivation of pulmonary surfactant. Numerous surfactants of either animal extract or synthetic desig - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a slowly developing type 1 diabetes. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Intentional artificial rupture of the amniotic membranes during labour, sometimes called amniotomy or 'breaking of the waters', is one of the most commonly performed procedures in modern obstetric and midwifery practice. The primary aim of amniotomy is to - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Breastfeeding is important, however not all infants can feed at the breast and methods of expressing milk need evaluation. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Congenital toxoplasmosis is considered a rare but potentially severe infection. Prenatal education about congenital toxoplasmosis could be the most efficient and least harmful intervention, yet its effectiveness is uncertain. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
To reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with preterm birth, home uterine activity monitoring aims for early detection of increased contraction frequency, and early intervention with tocolytic drugs to inhibit labour and prolong pregnancy. However - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Administration of the uterotonic drugs is one of the main components of the active management of the third stage of labour. The timing of uterotonics varies considerably across the globe and it may have significant implications on the well-being of the mo - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Fetal scalp blood sampling for lactate estimation may be considered following identification of an abnormal or non-reassuring fetal heart rate pattern. The smaller volume of blood required for this test, compared with the more traditional pH estimation, m - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalised patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite recent advances, outcomes have not substantially changed in the last four decades. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has shown - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Ureteral stones frequently cause renal colic, and if left untreated, can lead to obstructive uropathy. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and ureteroscopy, with or without intracorporeal lithotripsy, are the most common interventions used to tre - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Glaucoma is a multi-factorial optic neuropathy characterized by an acquired loss of retinal ganglion cells at levels beyond normal age-related loss and corresponding atrophy of the optic nerve. Although many treatments are available to manage glaucoma, pa - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is an important cause of severe visual loss following blunt or penetrating head trauma. Following the initial injury, optic nerve swelling within the optic nerve canal can result in secondary retinal ganglion cell loss. Op - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the main method of treatment of symptomatic gallstones. Drains are used after laparoscopic cholecystectomy to prevent abdominal collections. However, drain use may increase infective complications and delay discharge. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in the course of liver cirrhosis. People with liver disease frequently have haemostatic abnormalities such as hyperfibrinolysis. Therefore, antifibrinolytic amin
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