- Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2019
Fluid therapy is one of the main interventions provided for critically ill patients, although there is no general consensus regarding the type of solution. Among crystalloid solutions, 0.9% saline is the most commonly administered. Buffered solutions may - Buflomedil for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2015
Few strategies are effective for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke. Buflomedil is a vasoactive agent that has been used for peripheral arterial diseases. Research studies have suggested that buflomedil may have beneficial effects in people with cere - Buflomedil for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2013
Intermittent claudication (IC) is pain caused by chronic occlusive arterial disease, that develops in a limb during exercise and is relieved with rest. Buflomedil is a vasoactive agent used to treat peripheral vascular disease. However, its clinical effic - Bulking agents, antispasmodics and antidepressants for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2011
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder. The role of pharmacotherapy for IBS is limited and focused mainly on symptom control. - Buprenorphine for managing opioid withdrawal
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Feb-2017
Managed withdrawal is a necessary step prior to drug-free treatment or as the endpoint of substitution treatment. - Buprenorphine for neuropathic pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Sep-2015
Opioid drugs, including buprenorphine, are commonly used to treat neuropathic pain, and are considered effective by some professionals. Most reviews have examined all opioids together. This review sought evidence specifically for buprenorphine, at any dos - Buprenorphine for treating cancer pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Mar-2015
Many patients with cancer experience moderate to severe pain that requires treatment with strong analgesics. Buprenorphine, fentanyl and morphine are examples of strong opioids used for the relief of cancer pain. Strong opioids are, however, not effective - Buprenorphine maintenance versus placebo or methadone maintenance for opioid dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Feb-2014
Buprenorphine maintenance treatment has been evaluated in randomised controlled trials against placebo medication, and separately as an alternative to methadone for management of opioid dependence. - Bupropion for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Oct-2017
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurobiological condition, characterised by behavioral and cognitive symptoms such as inattention, impulsivity and/or excessive activity. The syndrome is commonly accompanied by psychiatric co - Bypass surgery for chronic lower limb ischaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2017
Bypass surgery is one of the mainstay treatments for patients with critical lower limb ischaemia (CLI). This is the second update of the review first published in 2000. - Bypassing agent prophylaxis in people with hemophilia A or B with inhibitors
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Sep-2017
People with hemophilia A or B with inhibitors are at high risk of bleeding complications. Infusion of bypassing agents, such as recombinant activated FVII (rFVIIa) and plasma-derived activated prothrombin complex concentrate, are suggested as alternative - Cabergoline for levodopa‐induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2001
Long term levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease is associated with the development of motor complications including abnormal involuntary movements and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). It is thought that dopamine agonists can - Cabergoline versus bromocriptine for levodopa‐induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2001
Long term levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease is associated with the development of motor complications including abnormal involuntary movements and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). It is thought that dopamine agonists can - Caesarean delivery for the second twin
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2011
The optimal mode of birth for a second twin in breech position is controversial, with support for both caesarean and vaginal birth. - Caesarean section for non‐medical reasons at term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Caesarean section rates are progressively rising in many parts of the world. One suggested reason is increasing requests by women for caesarean section in the absence of clear medical indications, such as placenta praevia, HIV infection, contracted pelvis - Caesarean section versus vaginal delivery for preterm birth in singletons
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2013
Planned caesarean delivery for women thought be in preterm labour may be protective for baby, but could also be quite traumatic for both mother and baby. The optimal mode of delivery of preterm babies for both cephalic and breech presentation remains, the - Caesarean section versus vaginal delivery for preventing mother to infant hepatitis C virus transmission
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Observational studies have generally not provided evidence that delivery by caesarean section reduces perinatal hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission. However, these studies have methodological weaknesses with potential for bias and their findings should b - Caffeine as an analgesic adjuvant for acute pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2019
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 3, 2012. Caffeine has been added to common analgesics such as paracetamol, ibuprofen, and aspirin, in the belief that it enhances analgesic efficacy. Evidence to support this be - Caffeine for asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Caffeine has a variety of pharmacological effects; it is a weak bronchodilator and it also reduces respiratory muscle fatigue. It is chemically related to the drug theophylline which is used to treat asthma. It has been suggested that caffeine may reduce - Caffeine for the prevention of injuries and errors in shift workers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Apr-2010
Sleepiness leads to a deterioration in performance and attention, and is associated with an increased risk of injury. Jet lag and shift work disorder are circadian rhythm sleep disorders which result in sleepiness and can elevate injury risk. They create
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