- BIS monitoring versus clinical assessment for sedation in mechanically ventilated adults in the intensive care unit and its impact on clinical outcomes and resource utilization
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Feb-2018
Patients admitted to intensive care and on mechanical ventilation, are administered sedative and analgesic drugs to improve both their comfort and interaction with the ventilator. Optimizing sedation practice may reduce mortality, improve patient comfort - Bispectral index for improving intraoperative awareness and early postoperative recovery in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2019
The use of clinical signs, or end-tidal anaesthetic gas (ETAG), may not be reliable in measuring the hypnotic component of anaesthesia and may lead to either overdosage or underdosage resulting in adverse effects because of too deep or too light anaesthes - Bisphosphonate therapy for children and adolescents with secondary osteoporosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Children with chronic illnesses are at increased risk for reductions in bone strength and subsequent fractures (osteoporosis), either due to the impact of the underlying condition on skeletal development or due to the osteotoxic effect of medications (e.g - Bisphosphonate therapy for osteogenesis imperfecta
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2016
Osteogenesis imperfecta is caused by a genetic defect resulting in an abnormal type I collagen bone matrix which typically results in multiple fractures with little or no trauma. Bisphosphonates are used in an attempt to increase bone mineral density and - Bisphosphonate use in children with cerebral palsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jul-2021
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a heterogeneous group of non-progressive disorders of posture or movement, caused by a lesion of the developing brain. Osteoporosis is common in children with cerebral palsy, particularly in children with reduced gross motor functio - Bisphosphonates and other bone agents for breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2017
Bone is the most common site of metastatic disease associated with breast cancer (BC). Bisphosphonates inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, and novel targeted therapies such as denosumab inhibit other key bone metabolism pathways. We have studied - Bisphosphonates for advanced prostate cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Dec-2017
The prevalence and incidence of pain and skeletal complications of metastatic bone disease such as pathologic fractures, spinal cord compression and hypercalcemia is high and an important contributor to morbidity, poor performance status and decreased qua - Bisphosphonates for osteoporosis in people with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jan-2023
Osteoporosis is a disorder of bone mineralisation occurring in about one third of adults with cystic fibrosis. Bisphosphonates can increase bone mineral density and decrease the risk of new fractures in post-menopausal women and people receiving long-term - Bisphosphonates for osteoporosis in primary biliary cirrhosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2011
Bisphosphonates are widely used for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis often have osteoporosis - either postmenopausal or secondary to the liver disease. No systematic review or meta-analysis has assessed the - Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Dec-2017
Bisphosphonates are considered to be the treatment of choice for people with Paget's disease of bone. However, the effects of bisphosphonates on patient-centred outcomes have not been extensively studied. There are insufficient data to determine whether r - Bisphosphonates for steroid‐induced osteoporosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2016
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 1999. Corticosteroids are widely used in inflammatory conditions as an immunosuppressive agent. Bone loss is a serious side effect of this therapy. Several studies have examined the use of bisphosp - Bisphosphonates for the relief of pain secondary to bone metastases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2002
Bisphosphonates form part of standard therapy for hypercalcemia and the prevention of skeletal events in some cancers. However, the role of bisphosphonates in pain relief for bony metastases remains uncertain. - Bisphosphonates in multiple myeloma: an updated network meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2017
Bisphosphonates are specific inhibitors of osteoclastic activity and are used in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). While bisphosphonates are shown to be effective in reducing vertebral fractures and pain, their role in improving overal - Bisphosphonates or RANK‐ligand‐inhibitors for men with prostate cancer and bone metastases: a network meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Dec-2020
Different bone-modifying agents like bisphosphonates and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)-inhibitors are used as supportive treatment in men with prostate cancer and bone metastases to prevent skeletal-related events (SREs). SRE - Black cohosh (Cimicifuga spp.) for menopausal symptoms
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Sep-2012
Menopause can be a distressing and disruptive time for many women, with many experiencing hot flushes, night sweats, vaginal atrophy and dryness. Postmenopausal women are also at increased risk of osteoporosis. Interventions that decrease the severity and - Bladder neck needle suspension for urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jul-2017
Bladder neck needle suspension is an operation traditionally used for moderate or severe stress urinary incontinence in women. About a third of adult women experience some urinary incontinence, and about a third of these have moderate or severe symptoms. - Bladder training for urinary incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Urinary incontinence is a common and distressing problem. Bladder training aims to increase the interval between voids and is widely used for the treatment of urinary incontinence. - Blood biomarkers for the non‐invasive diagnosis of endometriosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2016
About 10% of reproductive-aged women suffer from endometriosis, a costly chronic disease causing pelvic pain and subfertility. Laparoscopy is the gold standard diagnostic test for endometriosis, but is expensive and carries surgical risks. Currently, ther - Blood CEA levels for detecting recurrent colorectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Dec-2015
Testing for carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) in the blood is a recommended part of follow-up to detect recurrence of colorectal cancer following primary curative treatment. There is substantial clinical variation in the cut-off level applied to trigger fur - Blood pressure control for diabetic retinopathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2023
Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes and a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness. Research has established the importance of blood glucose control to prevent development and progression of the ocular complications of diabet
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