- Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors for juvenile idiopathic arthritis‐associated uveitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Oct-2022
Uveitis is the most common extra-articular manifestation of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and a potentially sight-threatening condition characterized by intraocular inflammation. Current treatment for JIA-associated uveitis (JIA-U) is largely based - Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha antibody for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2003
Crohn's disease may be refractory to conventional treatments such as corticosteroids, enteral nutrition and immuno-suppressive agents. A number of patients with the disease may also become steroid-dependent leading to increased risk of developing steroid- - Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha antibody for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2008
Crohn's disease may be refractory to conventional treatments including corticosteroids and immunosuppressives. Recent studies suggest TNF-a blocking agents may be effective in maintaining remission in Crohn's disease. - Tumour bed boost radiotherapy for women after breast‐conserving surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2017
Breast-conserving therapy, involving breast-conserving surgery followed by whole-breast irradiation and optionally a boost to the tumour bed, is a standard therapeutic option for women with early-stage breast cancer. A boost to the tumour bed means that a - Tumour necrosis factor alpha blocking agents for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2009
Anti-TNF-a agents have been shown to be effective for the induction of remission in Crohn's disease. The role of TNF-a blocking agents in ulcerative colitis is, however, unclear and recent studies have yielded conflicting results. - Twenty‐four hour care for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2009
Despite modern treatment approaches and a focus on community care, there remains a group of people who cannot easily be discharged from psychiatric hospital directly into the community. Twenty-four hour residential rehabilitation (a 'ward-in-a-house') is - Type I interferons for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Sep-2015
Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines which possess immunoregulatory properties and have been used to successfully treat a number of chronic inflammatory disorders. It has been postulated that Type I IFNs may be able to re-establish the Th1/Th2 balance in Th2 - Type II or type III radical hysterectomy compared to chemoradiotherapy as a primary intervention for stage IB2 cervical cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Oct-2018
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, with 528,000 estimated new cases globally in 2012. A large majority (around 85%) of the disease burden occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where it accounts for almost 12% of all f - Type of anaesthesia for acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2022
The use of mechanical thrombectomy to restore intracranial blood flow after proximal large artery occlusion by a thrombus has increased over time and led to better outcomes than intravenous thrombolytic therapy alone. Currently, the type of anaesthetic te - Type of incision for below knee amputation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Apr-2014
Below knee amputation (BKA) may be necessary in patients with advanced critical limb ischaemia or diabetic foot sepsis in whom no other treatment option is available. There is no consensus as to which surgical technique achieves the maximum rehabilitation - Types of indwelling urethral catheters for short-term catheterisation in hospitalised adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Sep-2014
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common hospital-acquired infection. The major associated cause is indwelling urethral catheters. Several measures have been introduced to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). One of these - Types of indwelling urinary catheters for long‐term bladder drainage in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
Prolonged urinary catheterization is common amongst people in long-term care settings and this carries a high risk of developing a catheter-related urinary tract infection and associated complications. A variety of different kinds of urethral catheters ar - Types of intra-muscular opioids for maternal pain relief in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Oct-2008
Pethidine is the most widely used intra-muscular opioid for the relief of labour pain. However concerns have been raised about its effectiveness and the possibility of depressing respiration in newborns. - Types of intraocular lenses for cataract surgery in eyes with uveitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2014
Cataract formation often occurs in people with uveitis. It is unclear which intraocular lens (IOL) type is optimal for use in cataract surgery for eyes with uveitis. - Types of materials for frontalis sling surgery for congenital ptosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2019
Congenital ptosis is a drooping of one or both eyelids at birth, often due to poor development of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. This can result in amblyopia, astigmatism, and ocular torticollis and therefore may necessitate surgical interventio - Types of progestogens in combined oral contraception: effectiveness and side-effects
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Mar-2011
The progestogen component of combined oral contraceptives (COC) has undergone changes since it was first recognised that it's chemical structure could influence the spectrum of minor adverse and beneficial effects. The major determinants of effectiveness - Tyrosine supplementation for phenylketonuria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jan-2021
Phenylketonuria is an inherited disease for which the main treatment is the dietary restriction of the amino acid phenylalanine. The diet has to be initiated in the neonatal period to prevent or reduce mental handicap. However, the diet is very restrictiv - Ultrafiltration for acute heart failure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2022
Pharmacotherapies such as loop diuretics are the cornerstone treatment for acute heart failure (AHF), but resistance and poor response can occur. Ultrafiltration (UF) is an alternative therapy to reduce congestion, however its benefits, efficacy and safet - Ultra‐radical (extensive) surgery versus standard surgery for the primary cytoreduction of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Aug-2022
Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer among women and the leading cause of death in women with gynaecological malignancies. Opinions differ regarding the role of ultra-radical (extensive) cytoreductive surgery in ovarian cancer treatment. - Ultrasonography for confirmation of gastric tube placement
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Apr-2017
Gastric tubes are commonly used for the administration of drugs and tube feeding for people who are unable to swallow. Feeding via a tube misplaced in the trachea can result in severe pneumonia. Therefore, the confirmation of tube placement in the stomach
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