- Valproic acid and sodium valproate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Valproic acid and its sodium salt (sodium valproate) are antiepileptic drugs that are sometimes used to treat chronic neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia, although they are not licensed for this use. - Valproic acid, valproate and divalproex in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2013
Bipolar disorder is a recurrent illness that is amongst the top 30 causes of disability worldwide and is associated with significant healthcare costs. In the past, emphasis was placed solely on the treatment of acute episodes of bipolar disorder; recently - Vancomycin for prophylaxis against sepsis in preterm neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Oct-2008
Nosocomial, late onset, sepsis occurs in up to 50% of infants of less than 1000gm at birth. The most frequent organism isolated is coagulase negative staphylococcus (CoNS). A number of studies have evaluated the efficacy of prophylactic low dose vancomyci - Vapocoolants (cold spray) for pain treatment during intravenous cannulation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2016
Intravenous cannulation is a painful procedure that can provoke anxiety and stress. Injecting local anaesthetic can provide analgesia at the time of cannulation, but it is a painful procedure. Topical anaesthetic creams take between 30 and 90 minutes to p - Vascular access specialist teams for device insertion and prevention of failure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jan-2019
Most people admitted to hospitals worldwide require a vascular access device (VAD). Hundreds of millions of VADs are inserted annually in the USA with reports of over a billion peripheral intravenous catheters used annually worldwide. Numerous reports sug - Vascular closure devices for femoral arterial puncture site haemostasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2016
Vascular closure devices (VCDs) are widely used to achieve haemostasis after procedures requiring percutaneous common femoral artery (CFA) puncture. There is no consensus regarding the benefits of VCDs, including potential reduction in procedure time, len - Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth leading cause of death from cancer in women. Historically, women with metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer have had limited treatment options. New anti-angiogenesis therapies, such as vascular endothelial growth fact - Vascular occlusion for elective liver resections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2008
Vascular occlusion is used to reduce blood loss during liver resection. There is considerable controversy regarding whether vascular occlusion should be used or not during elective liver resections. - Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor (VEGF) targeting therapies for endocrine refractory or resistant metastatic breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2012
Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor (VEGF) is a key mediator of angiogenesis. VEGF-targeting therapies have shown significant benefits and been successfully integrated in routine clinical practice for other types of cancer, such as metastatic colorectal ca - Vasectomy occlusion techniques for male sterilization
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Mar-2014
Vasectomy is an increasingly popular and effective family planning method. A variety of vasectomy techniques are used worldwide, including vas occlusion techniques (excision and ligation, thermal or electrocautery, and mechanical and chemical occlusion me - Vasoactive drugs for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jun-2010
It is unclear whether blood pressure (BP) should be altered actively during the acute phase of stroke. - Vasodilators and vasoactive substances for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2010
Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) is sudden hearing loss where clinical assessment fails to reveal a cause. The most widely used therapeutic agents for ISSHL are antivirals, steroids, hyperbaric oxygen, vasodilators and rheological/vaso - Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Numerous agents have been suggested for the symptomatic treatment of primary Raynaud's phenomenon. Apart from calcium channel blockers, which are considered to be the drugs of choice, evidence of the effects of alternative pharmacological treatments is li - Vasodilators for women undergoing fertility treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2018
The rate of successful pregnancies brought to term has barely increased since the first assisted reproductive technology (ART) technique became available. Vasodilators have been proposed to increase endometrial receptivity, thicken the endometrium, and fa - Vasopressin and its analogues for the treatment of refractory hypotension in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Neonatal hypotension that is refractory to volume expansion, catecholamines, or corticosteroids has a mortality of about 50%. Optimization of blood pressure and tissue perfusion in refractory hypotension may be crucial to improve clinical outcomes. Vasopr - Vasopressors for hypotensive shock
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Dec-2018
Initial goal-directed resuscitation for hypotensive shock usually includes administration of intravenous fluids, followed by initiation of vasopressors. Despite obvious immediate effects of vasopressors on haemodynamics, their effect on patient-relevant o - Vector and reservoir control for preventing leishmaniasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2015
Leishmaniasis is caused by the Leishmania parasite, and transmitted by infected phlebotomine sandflies. Of the two distinct clinical syndromes, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) affects the skin and mucous membranes, and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) affects int - Vedolizumab for induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Aug-2014
Cellular adhesion molecules play an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, making selective blockade of these molecules a promising therapeutic strategy. Vedolizumab, a recombinant humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody, inhibits adhesion a - Vegan dietary pattern for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Diet plays a major role in the aetiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and as a modifiable risk factor is the focus of many prevention strategies. Recently vegan diets have gained popularity and there is a need to synthesise existing clinical trial evid - Velnacrine for Alzheimer's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2008
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest cause of dementia affecting older people. One of the therapeutic strategies aimed at ameliorating the clinical manifestations of Alzheimer's disease is to enhance cholinergic neurotransmission in relevant parts of
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