- Vaccines for preventing malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Nov-2019
Four types of malaria vaccine, SPf66 and MSP/RESA vaccines (against the asexual stages of the Plasmodium parasite) and CS-NANP and RTS,S vaccines (against the sporozoite stages), have been tested in randomized controlled trials in endemic areas. - Vaccines for preventing typhoid fever
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-May-2018
Typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever continue to be important causes of illness and death, particularly among children and adolescents in south-central and southeast Asia. Two typhoid vaccines are widely available, Ty21a (oral) and Vi polysaccharide (paren - Vaccines for prophylaxis of viral infections in patients with hematological malignancies
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2011
Viral infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in patients with hematological malignancies. It remains uncertain whether viral vaccinations in these patients are supported by good evidence. - Vaginal chlorhexidine during labour to prevent early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Dec-2014
Although early-onset group B ß-hemolytic streptococcus (GBS) infection is rare, it accounts for approximately 30% of neonatal infections, has a high mortality rate, and is acquired through vertical transmission from colonized mothers. Several trials have - Valacyclovir versus acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in immunocompetent patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2016
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus affects the eye and vision, and is caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus in the distribution of the first division of the trigeminal nerve. An aggressive management of acute herpes zoster ophthalmicus with sys - Valerian for anxiety disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Anxiety disorders are very common mental health problems in the general population and in primary care settings. Herbal medicines are popular and used worldwide and might be considered as a treatment option for anxiety if shown to be effective and safe. - Valproic acid, valproate and divalproex in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2013
Bipolar disorder is a recurrent illness that is amongst the top 30 causes of disability worldwide and is associated with significant healthcare costs. In the past, emphasis was placed solely on the treatment of acute episodes of bipolar disorder; recently - Vapocoolants (cold spray) for pain treatment during intravenous cannulation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2016
Intravenous cannulation is a painful procedure that can provoke anxiety and stress. Injecting local anaesthetic can provide analgesia at the time of cannulation, but it is a painful procedure. Topical anaesthetic creams take between 30 and 90 minutes to p - Vascular closure devices for femoral arterial puncture site haemostasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2016
Vascular closure devices (VCDs) are widely used to achieve haemostasis after procedures requiring percutaneous common femoral artery (CFA) puncture. There is no consensus regarding the benefits of VCDs, including potential reduction in procedure time, len - Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor (VEGF) targeting therapies for endocrine refractory or resistant metastatic breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2012
Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor (VEGF) is a key mediator of angiogenesis. VEGF-targeting therapies have shown significant benefits and been successfully integrated in routine clinical practice for other types of cancer, such as metastatic colorectal ca - Vasodilators for women undergoing fertility treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2018
The rate of successful pregnancies brought to term has barely increased since the first assisted reproductive technology (ART) technique became available. Vasodilators have been proposed to increase endometrial receptivity, thicken the endometrium, and fa - Vasopressin and its analogues for the treatment of refractory hypotension in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Neonatal hypotension that is refractory to volume expansion, catecholamines, or corticosteroids has a mortality of about 50%. Optimization of blood pressure and tissue perfusion in refractory hypotension may be crucial to improve clinical outcomes. Vasopr - Vector and reservoir control for preventing leishmaniasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2015
Leishmaniasis is caused by the Leishmania parasite, and transmitted by infected phlebotomine sandflies. Of the two distinct clinical syndromes, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) affects the skin and mucous membranes, and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) affects int - Vedolizumab for induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Aug-2014
Cellular adhesion molecules play an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, making selective blockade of these molecules a promising therapeutic strategy. Vedolizumab, a recombinant humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody, inhibits adhesion a - Velnacrine for Alzheimer's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2008
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest cause of dementia affecting older people. One of the therapeutic strategies aimed at ameliorating the clinical manifestations of Alzheimer's disease is to enhance cholinergic neurotransmission in relevant parts of - Venlafaxine for neuropathic pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jun-2017
Neuropathic pain, which is caused by nerve damage, is increasing in prevalence worldwide. This may reflect improved diagnosis, or it may be due to increased incidence of diabetes-associated neuropathy, linked to increasing levels of obesity. Other types o - Venous cutdown versus the Seldinger technique for placement of totally implantable venous access ports
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Aug-2016
Totally implantable venous access ports (TIVAPs) provide patients with a safe and permanent venous access, for instance in the administration of chemotherapy for oncology patients. There are several methods for TIVAP placement, and the optimal evidence-ba - Veno-venous bypass versus none for liver transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2011
Veno-venous bypass is used to overcome the effects of clamping of the inferior vena cava and portal vein during liver transplanation. The routine use of veno-venous bypass is, however, controversial. - Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non-early discharge in children with cancer and febrile neutropenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Feb-2016
Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia is a common adverse effect in children with cancer. Due to the high relative risk of infections and infectious complications, standard care for children with cancer and febrile neutropenia consists of routine hospitalizati - Very tight versus tight control for diabetes in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Oct-2008
Pregnancies complicated by pre-existing insulin dependent diabetes are high risk for a number of poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
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