- Tiotropium versus ipratropium bromide for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Sep-2015
Tiotropium and ipratropium bromide are both recognised treatments in the management of people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are new studies which have compared tiotropium with ipratropium bromide, making an update necessa - Tiotropium versus long-acting beta-agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Nov-2016
Tiotropium and long-acting beta2-agonists (LABAs) are both accepted in the routine management for people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are new studies which have compared tiotropium with LABAs, including some that have ev - Tiotropium versus placebo for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Nov-2016
Tiotropium is an anticholinergic agent which has gained widespread acceptance as a once daily maintenance therapy for symptoms and exacerbations of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the past few years there have been several systemat - TIPS versus paracentesis for cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Refractory ascites (ie, ascites that cannot be mobilized despite sodium restriction and diuretic treatment) occurs in 10 per cent of patients with cirrhosis. It is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality with a one-year survival rate of less t - Tirilazad for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jan-2010
Delayed cerebral ischaemia is a significant contributor to poor outcome (death or disability) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Tirilazad is considered to have neuroprotective properties in animal models of acute cerebral ischaem - Tissue adhesives for closure of surgical incisions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Nov-2014
Sutures (stitches), staples and adhesive tapes have been used for many years as methods of wound closure, but tissue adhesives have entered clinical practice more recently. Closure of wounds with sutures enables the closure to be meticulous, but the sutur - Tissue adhesives for traumatic lacerations in children and adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Tissue adhesives have been used for many years to close simple lacerations as an alternative to standard wound closure (sutures, staples, adhesive strips). Potential advantages over standard wound closure include ease of use, decrease in pain, time to app - Titrated oral misoprostol for augmenting labour to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Sep-2013
Labour dystocia is associated with a number of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Augmentation of labour is a commonly used intervention in cases of labour dystocia. Misoprostol is an inexpensive and stable prostaglandin E1 analogue that can be admin - TNF-alpha inhibitors for ankylosing spondylitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Mar-2015
TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-alpha inhibitors block a key protein in the inflammatory chain reaction responsible for joint inflammation, pain, and damage in ankylosing spondylitis. - TNF‐α blockers for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Aug-2019
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute inflammatory vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessels) that mainly affects children between six months and five years of age. The vasculitis primarily impacts medium-sized blood vessels, especially in the coronary ar - Tobacco cessation interventions for young people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2017
Most tobacco control programmes for adolescents are based around prevention of uptake, but teenage smoking is still common. It is unclear if interventions that are effective for adults can also help adolescents to quit. This is the update of a Cochrane Re - Tobacco packaging design for reducing tobacco use
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Apr-2017
Tobacco use is the largest single preventable cause of death and disease worldwide. Standardised tobacco packaging is an intervention intended to reduce the promotional appeal of packs and can be defined as packaging with a uniform colour (and in some cas - Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common form of systemic vasculitis in people older than 50 years of age. It causes granulomatous inflammation of medium- to large-sized vessels. Tocilizumab is a recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against inter - Tocilizumab for rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2010
Tocilizumab, a new biologic that inhibits interleukin-6, is approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Europe, Japan and the US. - Tocilizumab for thyroid eye disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Nov-2018
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an autoimmune disorder that constitutes a major clinical and therapeutic challenge. Current treatment options for moderate-to-severe TED include immunotherapy, orbital radiotherapy and decompression surgery. Limited drugs of p - Tocolysis for preventing fetal distress in second stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2011
Prophylactic tocolysis with betamimetics and other agents has become widespread as a treatment for fetal distress. Uterine relaxation may improve placental blood flow and therefore, fetal oxygenation. However, there may also be adverse maternal cardiovasc - Tocolytics for preterm premature rupture of membranes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2014
In women with preterm labor, tocolysis has not been shown to improve perinatal mortality; however, it is often given for 48 hours to allow for the corticosteroid effect for fetal maturation. In women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), th - Tocolytics for suspected intrapartum fetal distress
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Prophylactic tocolysis with betamimetics and other agents has become widespread as a treatment for fetal distress. Uterine relaxation may improve placental blood flow and, therefore, fetal oxygenation. However, there may also be adverse maternal cardiovas - Token economy for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
A token economy is a behavioural therapy technique in which the desired change is achieved by means of tokens administered for the performance of predefined behaviours according to a program. Though token economy programmes were widespread in the 1970s th - Tolerability of selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors used for the treatment of rheumatological manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2014
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to reduce inflammatory pain and swelling in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with rheumatological manifestations. While these drugs effectively reduce musculoskeletal pain and stiffness, long
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