- Training and supportive programs for palliative care volunteers in community settings
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2015
Palliative care is specialised health care to support people living with a terminal illness and their families. The involvement of volunteers can extend the range of activities offered by palliative care services, particularly for those living in the comm - Training health professionals in smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Dec-2013
Cigarette smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable death world wide. There is good evidence that brief interventions from health professionals can increase smoking cessation attempts. A number of trials have examined whether skills training for - Training interventions for improving telephone consultation skills in clinicians
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Feb-2017
Since 1879, the year of the first documented medical telephone consultation, the ability to consult by telephone has become an integral part of modern patient-centred healthcare systems. Nowadays, up to a quarter of all care consultations are conducted by - Training to recognise the early signs of recurrence in schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2013
Schizophrenia has a lifetime prevalence of less than one per cent. Studies have indicated that early symptoms that are idiosyncratic to the person with schizophrenia (early warning signs) often precede acute psychotic relapse. Early warning signs interven - Tramadol for neuropathic pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2017
This review is an update of a review of tramadol for neuropathic pain, published in 2006; updating was to bring the review in line with current standards. Neuropathic pain, which is caused by a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system, may be - Tramadol for osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2019
Tramadol is often prescribed to treat pain and associated physical disability in osteoarthritis (OA). Due to the pharmacologic mechanism of tramadol, it may lead to fewer associated adverse effects (i.e. gastrointestinal bleeding or renal problems) compar - Tramadol for postoperative pain treatment in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jul-2019
According to current recommendations a multimodal approach is believed to be the gold standard for postoperative pain treatment in children. However, several surveys in the last few years demonstrated that postoperative pain in children is still a serious - Tramadol with or without paracetamol (acetaminophen) for cancer pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2020
Tramadol is an opioid analgesic licensed for use in moderate to severe pain. It is considered as a low risk for abuse, so control regulations are not as stringent as for 'strong' opioids such as morphine. It has a potential role as a step 2 option of the - Tranexamic acid for patients with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Dec-2018
Epistaxis (nosebleed) most commonly affects children and the elderly. The majority of episodes are managed at home with simple measures. In more severe cases medical intervention is required to either cauterise the bleeding vessel, or to pack the nose wit - Tranexamic acid for preventing postpartum haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2015
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a common and potentially life-threatening complication of labour. Several options for preventing PPH are available, but further advances in this field are important, especially the identification of safe, easy to use and co - Tranexamic acid for reducing mortality in emergency and urgent surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Feb-2013
Emergency or urgent surgery, which can be defined as surgery which must be done promptly to save life, limb or functional capacity, is associated with a high risk of bleeding and death. Antifibrinolytic agents, such as tranexamic acid, inhibit blood clot - Tranexamic acid for upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2014
Tranexamic acid reduces haemorrhage through its antifibrinolytic effects. In a previous version of the present review, we found that tranexamic acid may reduce mortality. This review includes updated searches and new trials. - Transabdominal amnioinfusion for improving fetal outcomes after oligohydramnios secondary to preterm prelabour rupture of membranes before 26 weeks
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jul-2013
Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) before 26 weeks can delay lung development and can cause pulmonary hypoplasia, as a result of oligohydramnios. Restoring the amniotic fluid volume by transabdominal amnioinfusion might prevent abnormal lung d - Transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) vs totally extraperitoneal (TEP) laparoscopic techniques for inguinal hernia repair.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2008
The choice of approach to the laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia is controversial. There is a scarcity of data comparing the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) approach with the laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) approach and que - Transabdominal ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound for diagnosis of gallbladder polyps
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Aug-2018
Approximately 0.6% to 4% of cholecystectomies are performed because of gallbladder polyps. The decision to perform cholecystectomy is based on presence of gallbladder polyp(s) on transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) or endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), or both. Th - Transarterial (chemo)embolisation for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2012
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results in more than 600,000 deaths per year. Transarterial embolisation (TAE) and transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) have become standard loco-regional treatments for unresectable HCC. - Transarterial (chemo)embolisation versus no intervention or placebo for liver metastases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Mar-2020
The liver is affected by two of the most common groups of malignant tumours: primary liver tumours and liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma or other extrahepatic primary cancers. Liver metastases are significantly more common than primary liver canc - Transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus surgical aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis in people with low surgical risk
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Dec-2019
Severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The definitive management for severe AS is aortic valve replacement (AVR). The choice of transcatheter approach versus open-heart surgery for AVR in people with sever - Transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation followed by three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy versus transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation alone for primary hepatocellular carcinoma in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2019
Hepatocellular carcinoma, also called malignant hepatoma, is a primary malignancy of the liver. Despite regular surveillance conducted in high-risk populations, most people with hepatocellular carcinoma are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Consequently, on - Transcendental meditation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Jun-2019
A major determinant in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is stress. As transcendental meditation (TM) is thought to help in lowering negative stress indicators, it may be a beneficial strategy for the primary prevention of CVD.
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