- The effect of financial incentives on the quality of health care provided by primary care physicians
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Aug-2011
The use of blended payment schemes in primary care, including the use of financial incentives to directly reward ‘performance’ and ‘quality’ is increasing in a number of countries. There are many examples in the US, and the Quality and Outcomes Framework - The effect of inotropes on morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with low systemic or organ blood flow
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2007
Low systemic blood flow (SBF) is common in extremely premature infants in the first day after birth and has been associated with peri / intraventricular haemorrhage (PIVH), necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), mortality and developmental impairment. - The effect of pharmacist-provided non-dispensing services on patient outcomes, health service utilisation and costs in low- and middle-income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jan-2013
The role of pharmacists has expanded beyond dispensing and packaging over the past two decades, and now includes ensuring rational use of drugs, improving clinical outcomes and promoting health status by working with the public and other healthcare profes - The effect of social franchising on access to and quality of health services in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2009
Social franchising has developed as a possible means of improving provision of health services through engaging the non-state sector in low- and middle-income countries. - The effect of time spent in rehabilitation on activity limitation and impairment after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Oct-2021
Stroke affects millions of people every year and is a leading cause of disability, resulting in significant financial cost and reduction in quality of life. Rehabilitation after stroke aims to reduce disability by facilitating recovery of impairment, acti - The effectiveness and adverse effects of D‐cycloserine compared with placebo on social and communication skills in individuals with autism spectrum disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2021
Symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been associated, in part, with the dysfunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors at excitatory synapses and glutamate abnormalities. Medications related to glutamatergic neurotransmission, s - The effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of hospital‐based specialist palliative care for adults with advanced illness and their caregivers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Sep-2020
Serious illness is often characterised by physical/psychological problems, family support needs, and high healthcare resource use. Hospital-based specialist palliative care (HSPC) has developed to assist in better meeting the needs of patients and their f - The effectiveness of strategies to change organisational culture to improve healthcare performance
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2010
Organisational culture is an anthropological metaphor used to inform research and consultancy and to explain organisational environments. Great emphasis has been placed during the last years on the need to change organisational culture in order to pursue - The effects of anaesthetic agents on cortical mapping during neurosurgical procedures involving eloquent areas of the brain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Oct-2011
In patients presenting for surgical resection of lesions involving, or adjacent to, the functionally important eloquent cortical areas, it is vital to achieve complete or near complete resection of the pathology without damaging the healthy surrounding ti - The effects of antimicrobial therapy on bacterial vaginosis in non‐pregnant women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2009
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a very common cause of vaginitis that has been associated with a high incidence of obstetric and gynaecologic complications and increased risk of HIV-1 transmission. This has led to renewed research interest in its treatment. - The effects of high perioperative inspiratory oxygen fraction for adult surgical patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jun-2015
Available evidence on the effects of a high fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) of 60% to 90% compared with a routine fraction of inspired oxygen of 30% to 40%, during anaesthesia and surgery, on mortality and surgical site infection has been inconclusive. - The effects of idarubicin versus other anthracyclines for induction therapy of patients with newly diagnosed leukaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jun-2015
Anthracycline combined with cytarabine has been the standard for induction therapy of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) for several decades. Due to theoretical advantages, idarubicin (IDA) might be the most effective and tolerable anthracyclin - The effects of interactive training of healthcare providers on the management of life‐threatening emergencies in hospital
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Sep-2019
Preparing healthcare providers to manage relatively rare life-threatening emergency situations effectively is a challenge. Training sessions enable staff to rehearse for these events and are recommended by several reports and guidelines. In this review we - The effects of on‐screen, point of care computer reminders on processes and outcomes of care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2009
The opportunity to improve care by delivering decision support to clinicians at the point of care represents one of the main incentives for implementing sophisticated clinical information systems. Previous reviews of computer reminder and decision support - The Epley (canalith repositioning) manoeuvre for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Dec-2014
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 1, 2002 and previously updated in 2004 and 2007. - The impact of biological interventions for ulcerative colitis on health-related quality of life
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Sep-2015
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon that has a relapsing-remitting course. Health related quality of life (HRQL) is significantly lower in patients with UC than the general population due to the negative effects of the - The impact of conditional cash transfers on health outcomes and use of health services in low and middle income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Conditional cash transfers (CCT) provide monetary transfers to households on the condition that they comply with some pre-defined requirements. CCT programmes have been justified on the grounds that demand-side subsidies are necessary to address inequitie - The impact of surgical therapies for inflammatory bowel disease on female fertility
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jul-2019
Women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may require surgery, which may result in higher risk of infertility. Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal anal pouch anastomosis (IPAA) may increase infertility, but the degree to which IPAA affects infertilit - The impact of user fees on access to health services in low- and middle-income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2011
Following an international push for financing reforms, many low- and middle-income countries introduced user fees to raise additional revenue for health systems. User fees are charges levied at the point of use and are supposed to help reduce ‘frivolous’ - The Lund concept for severe traumatic brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Dec-2013
Severe traumatic brain injury is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Treatment strategies in management of such injuries are directed to the prevention of secondary brain ischaemia, as a consequence of disturbed post-traumatic cerebral blood f
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