- Spironolactone for hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2010
Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist, considered fourth line therapy for hypertension in patients already treated with multiple medications. - Spironolactone versus placebo or in combination with steroids for hirsutism and/or acne
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2011
Hirsutism is the presence of excessive hair growth in women and is an important cosmetic condition often resulting in severe distress. The most common cause is by increased production of male sex hormones (androgens). It is also affected by increased sens - Splenectomy for people with thalassaemia major or intermedia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Sep-2019
Thalassaemia is a genetic disorder of the haemoglobin protein in red blood cells. It has been historically classified into thalassaemia minor, intermedia and major, depending on the genetic defect and severity of the disease. The clinical presentation of - Splenectomy versus conservative management for acute sequestration crises in people with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2017
Acute splenic sequestration crises are a complication of sickle cell disease, with high mortality rates and frequent recurrence in survivors of first attacks. Splenectomy and blood transfusion, with their consequences, are the mainstay of long-term manage - Splinting for carpal tunnel syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition where one of two main nerves in the wrist is compressed, which can lead to pain in the hand, wrist and sometimes arm, and numbness and tingling in the thumb, index and long finger. Splinting is usually offered t - Splints and Orthosis for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
Splints/orthoses are often recommended to patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to decrease pain, reduce swelling, and/or prevent deformity. These orthoses include resting hand splints, wrist supports, finger splints, and special shoes and shoe inserts. - Sponge versus diaphragm for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2002
The contraceptive vaginal sponge was developed as an alternative to the contraceptive diaphragm. The sponge, made of polyurethane impregnated with nonoxynol-9 (1g), releases 125 mg of the spermicide over 24 hours of use. Unlike the diaphragm, the sponge c - Sports and games for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Traumatic experiences evoke emotions such as fear, anxiety and distress and may encourage avoidance of similar situations in the future. For a proportion of those exposed to a traumatic event, this emotional reaction becomes uncontrollable and can develop - St John's wort for major depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2008
In some countries extracts of the plant Hypericum perforatum L. (popularly called St. John's wort) are widely used for treating patients with depressive symptoms. - Stabilisation splint therapy for temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jan-2016
Pain dysfunction syndrome (PDS) is the most common temporomandibular disorder (TMD). There are many synonyms for this condition including facial arthromyalgia, TMJ dysfunction syndrome, myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome, craniomandibular dysfunction and - Stage-based interventions for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2010
The transtheoretical model is the most widely known of several stage-based theories of behaviour. It proposes that smokers move through a discrete series of motivational stages before they quit successfully. These are precontemplation (no thoughts of quit - Standard (head‐down tilt) versus modified (without head‐down tilt) postural drainage in infants and young children with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Mar-2018
Postural drainage is used primarily in infants with cystic fibrosis from diagnosis up to the moment when they are mature enough to actively participate in self-administered treatments. However, there is a risk of gastroesophageal reflux associated with th - Standard versus biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility testing to guide antibiotic therapy in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2020
Clinicians typically select the antibiotics used to treat pulmonary infections in people with cystic fibrosis based on the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed on bacteria traditionally grown in a planktonic mode (grown in a liquid). - Standardised formal resuscitation training programmes for reducing mortality and morbidity in newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Sep-2015
Approximately 10% of all newborns require resuscitation at birth. Training healthcare providers in standardised formal neonatal resuscitation training (SFNRT) programmes may improve neonatal outcomes. Substantial healthcare resources are expended on SFNRT - Stapled versus conventional surgery for hemorrhoids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Hemorrhoids are one of the most common anorectal disorders. The Milligan-Morgan open hemorrhoidectomy is the most widely practiced surgical technique used for the management of hemorrhoids and is considered the current "gold standard". Circular stapled he - Stapled versus handsewn methods for colorectal anastomosis surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2012
Previous systematic reviews comparing stapled and handsewn colorectal anastomosis that are available in the medical literature have not shown either technique to be superior. An update of this systematic review was performed to find out if there are any d - Stapled versus handsewn methods for ileocolic anastomoses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2011
Ileocolic anastomoses are commonly performed for right-sided colon cancer and Crohn's disease. The anastomosis may be constructed using a linear cutter stapler or by suturing. Individual trials comparing stapled versus handsewn ileocolic anastomoses have - Stapler versus scalpel resection followed by hand-sewn closure of the pancreatic remnant for distal pancreatectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2015
Resections of the pancreatic body and tail reaching to the left of the superior mesenteric vein are defined as distal pancreatectomy. Most distal pancreatectomies are elective treatments for chronic pancreatitis, benign or malignant diseases, and they hav - Staples versus sutures for closing leg wounds after vein graft harvesting for coronary artery bypass surgery.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Nov-2011
Surgical site infection (SSI) after saphenous vein graft harvesting is a complication occurring in up to 18% of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). It is not known whether the method of skin closure influences the infection rate. - Statin withdrawal in people with dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Sep-2016
There are approximately 24 million people worldwide with dementia; this is likely to increase to 81 million by 2040. Dementia is a progressive condition, and usually leads to death eight to ten years after first symptoms. End-of-life care should emphasise
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