- Prophylactic versus selective blood transfusion for sickle cell anaemia during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jan-2012
Sickle cells have a shorter life span than normal red blood cells. It has been suggested that pregnancy complications for women with sickle cell anaemia may be reduced by regular blood transfusions. The aim is to maintain haemoglobin at 60-70% of the norm - Prophylactic versus selective use of surfactant in preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Aug-2012
Surfactant therapy is effective in improving the outcome of very preterm infants. Trials have studied a wide variety of surfactant preparations used either to prevent or treat respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). In animal models, prophylactic surfactant - Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolic disease in pregnancy and the early postnatal period
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2014
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), although rare, is a major cause of maternal mortality and morbidity, and methods of prophylaxis are therefore often used for women considered to be at risk. This may include women who have given birth by caesarean section, th - Propofol for procedural sedation/anaesthesia in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2011
Elective medical or surgical procedures are commonplace for neonates admitted to NICU. Agents such as opioids are commonly used for achieving sedation/analgesia/anaesthesia for such procedures; however, these agents are associated with adverse effects. Pr - Propofol for sedation during colonoscopy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jul-2011
Propofol is increasingly used for sedation during colonoscopy, with many recent reports of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and large non-randomized case series. - Propranolol for migraine prophylaxis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2019
Propranolol is one of the most commonly prescribed drugs for migraine prophylaxis. - ProSeal versus Classic laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for positive pressure ventilation in adults undergoing elective surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2017
The development of supraglottic airway devices has revolutionized airway management during general anaesthesia. Two devices are widely used in clinical practice to facilitate positive pressure ventilation: the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (pLMA) and the - Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Apr-2019
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by pulmonary vascular changes, leads to elevated pulmonary artery pressures, dyspnoea, a reduction in exercise tolerance, right heart failure, and ultimately death. - Prostaglandin E1 for maintaining ductal patency in neonates with ductal-dependent cardiac lesions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Feb-2018
Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is used to keep the ductus arteriosus patent and can be life-saving in neonates with ductal-dependent cardiac lesions. PGE1 is used to promote mixing of pulmonary and systemic blood flow or improve pulmonary or systemic circulation - Prostaglandin E1 for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Mar-2010
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major chronic microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus, and may progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). There are no definitely effective approaches for preventing, delaying or treating DKD. Small s - Prostaglandins before caesarean section for preventing neonatal respiratory distress
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2013
Respiratory distress (RD) can occur in both preterm and term neonates born through normal vaginal delivery or caesarean section (CS). It accounts for about 30% of neonatal deaths and can occur at any time following birth. Respiratory distress syndrome (RD - Prostaglandins for adult liver transplanted patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Sep-2011
Prostaglandins may reduce ischaemic injury after liver transplantation. Several small randomised trials have evaluated the effects of prostaglandins in patients undergoing liver transplantation. Results of these trials are inconsistent, and none has enoug - Prostaglandins for management of retained placenta
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2014
Retained placenta affects 0.5% to 3% of women following delivery and it is a major cause of maternal death due to postpartum haemorrhage. Usually, retained placenta has been managed by manual removal or curettage under anaesthesia, which may be associated - Prostaglandins for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
Induction of labour after prelabour rupture of membranes may reduce the risk of neonatal infection. However an expectant approach may be less likely to result in caesarean section. - Prostaglandins versus oxytocin for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
The conventional method of induction of labour is with intravenous oxytocin. More recently, induction with prostaglandins, followed by an infusion of oxytocin if necessary, has been used. - Prostaglandins versus oxytocin for prelabour rupture of membranes at term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
The conventional method of induction of labour is with intravenous oxytocin. More recently, induction with prostaglandins, followed by an infusion of oxytocin if necessary, has been used. - Prostanoids for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2013
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common cause of morbidity in the general population. While numerous studies have established the efficacy of prostanoids in PAD stages III and IV, the question of the role of prostanoids as an alternative or additive - Prostatic urethral lift for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-May-2019
A variety of minimally invasive surgical approaches are available as an alternative to transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A recent addition t - Prosthetic mesh placement for the prevention of parastomal herniation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2018
Parastomal herniation is a common problem following formation of a stoma after both elective and emergency abdominal surgery. Symptomatic hernias give rise to a significant amount of patient morbidity, and in some cases mortality, and therefore may necess - Protease activity as a prognostic factor for wound healing in venous leg ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Aug-2018
Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are a common type of complex wound that have a negative impact on people's lives and incur high costs for health services and society. It has been suggested that prolonged high levels of protease activity in the later stages of th
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