- Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2013
Smoking is the leading preventable cause of illness and premature death worldwide. Some medications have been proven to help people to quit, with three licensed for this purpose in Europe and the USA: nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, and var - Pharmacological interventions for somatoform disorders in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Oct-2014
Somatoform disorders are characterised by chronic, medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS). Although different medications are part of treatment routines for people with somatoform disorders in clinics and private practices, there exists no systema - Pharmacological interventions for spasticity following spinal cord injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2009
Spasticity is a major health problem for patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI). It limits their mobility and affects their independence in activities of daily living (ADL) and work. Spasticity may also cause pain, loss of range of motion, contractures, - Pharmacological interventions for the acute management of hyperkalaemia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2015
Hyperkalaemia is a potentially life-threatening electrolyte disturbance which may lead to cardiac arrhythmias and death. Renal replacement therapy is known to be effective in treating hyperkalaemia, but safe and effective pharmacological interventions are - Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of allergic and febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2010
Allergic and febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions (NHTRs) are the two most common forms of transfusion reaction. Pretransfusion medication with anti-inflammatory drugs is used in NHTR prevention, however its efficacy and safety remains unclear. - Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of insufficiency fractures and avascular necrosis associated with pelvic radiotherapy in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2018
Pelvic radiotherapy is a treatment delivered to an estimated 150,000 to 300,000 people annually across high-income countries. Fractures due to normal stresses on weakened bone due to radiotherapy are termed insufficiency fractures. Pelvic radiotherapy-rel - Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of anxiety disorders in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Sep-2011
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterised by inflammation of the airways and destruction of pulmonary tissue with post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC of <0.70 (forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity). Evidence indicates - Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2018
Studies report that up to 80% of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may struggle with symptoms of depression. However, this major comorbidity in COPD is rarely managed effectively. A number of recent studies indicate that left u - Pharmacological interventions for those who have sexually offended or are at risk of offending
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2015
Sexual offending is a serious social problem, a public health issue, and a major challenge for social policy. Victim surveys indicate high incidence and prevalence levels and it is accepted that there is a high proportion of hidden sexual victimisation. S - Pharmacological interventions for treating acute heterotopic ossification
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Apr-2010
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the formation of mature lamellar bone in soft tissue sites outside the skeleton. HO frequently complicates burns, arthroplasty, fractures, and spinal cord and brain injuries. It can impair joint function. - Pharmacological interventions for unilateral spatial neglect after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2015
Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is characterized by the inability to report or respond to people or objects presented on the side contralateral to the lesioned side of the brain and has been associated with poor functional outcomes and long stays in hosp - Pharmacological interventions other than botulinum toxin for spasticity after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2016
The long-term risk of stroke increases with age, and stroke is a common cause of disability in the community. Spasticity is considered a significantly disabling impairment that develops in people who have had a stroke. The burden of care is higher in stro - Pharmacological management for agitation and aggression in people with acquired brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Of the many psychiatric symptoms that may result from brain injury, agitation and/or aggression are often the most troublesome. It is therefore important to evaluate the efficacy of psychotropic medication used in its management. - Pharmacological therapies for maintenance treatments of opium dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2012
Pharmacologic therapies for maintenance treatment of heroin dependence have been used and studied widely. Systematic reviews have demonstrated the effectiveness of such therapies. Opium dependence is associated with less problems and impairments and is le - Pharmacological therapies for management of opium withdrawal
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jun-2018
Pharmacologic therapies for management of heroin withdrawal have been studied and reviewed widely. Opium dependence is generally associated with less severe dependence and milder withdrawal symptoms than heroin. The evidence on withdrawal management of he - Pharmacological treatment for depression during opioid agonist treatment for opioid dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2010
Lifetime prevalence of depression in subjects with opioid dependence is higher than in the general population (44-54% versus 16%) and represents a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. For patients on opioid agonist treatment, current prevalence rates - Pharmacological treatment for memory disorder in multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2013
This is an update of the Cochrane review "Pharmacologic treatment for memory disorder in multiple sclerosis" (first published in The Cochrane Library 2011, Issue 10). - Pharmacological treatment for psychotic depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jul-2015
Evidence is limited regarding the most effective pharmacological treatment for psychotic depression: combination of an antidepressant plus an antipsychotic, monotherapy with an antidepressant or monotherapy with an antipsychotic. This is an update of a re - Pharmacological treatment of children with gastro-oesophageal reflux
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Nov-2016
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) is a common disorder, characterised by regurgitation of gastric contents into the oesophagus. GOR is a very common presentation in infancy in both primary and secondary care settings. GOR can affect approximately 50% of inf - Pharmacological treatments for Friedreich ataxia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Oct-2016
Friedreich ataxia is a rare inherited autosomal recessive neurological disorder, characterised initially by unsteadiness in standing and walking, slowly progressing to wheelchair dependency usually in the late teens or early twenties. It is associated wit
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