- Postnatal parental education for optimizing infant general health and parent-infant relationships
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Nov-2013
Many learning needs arise in the early postpartum period, and it is important to examine interventions used to educate new parents about caring for their newborns during this time. - Postnatal thyroid hormones for preterm infants with transient hypothyroxinaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2008
Extremely premature infants are at risk of transient hypothyroxinaemia in the first weeks after birth. These low thyroid hormone levels are associated with an increased incidence of neonatal morbidity, mortality and longer term developmental impairments. - Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in rectal cancer operated for cure.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2012
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the Western world. Apart from surgery - which remains the mainstay of treatment for resectable primary tumours - postoperative (i.e., adjuvant) chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) based re - Postoperative epidural analgesia versus systemic analgesia for thoraco-lumbar spine surgery in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2019
Spine surgery may be associated with severe acute postoperative pain. Compared with systemic analgesia alone, epidural analgesia may offer better pain control. However, epidural analgesia has sometimes been associated with rare but serious complications. - Post-operative radiotherapy for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2013
The addition of radiotherapy (RT) following breast conserving surgery (BCS) was first shown to reduce the risk of ipsilateral recurrence in the treatment of invasive breast cancer. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a pre-invasive lesion. Recurrence of ip - Postoperative tamoxifen for ductal carcinoma in situ
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Aug-2012
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-invasive carcinoma of the breast. The incidence of DCIS has increased substantially over the last twenty years, largely as a result of the introduction of population-based mammographic screening. The treatment of D - Post-operative therapy for metacarpophalangeal arthroplasty
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2008
Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) arthroplasty with implants, which is the replacement of painful knuckle joints with artificial knuckle joints, has been performed for people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since the 1960s. The surgery is done because RA can cause - Postpartum misoprostol for preventing maternal mortality and morbidity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Jul-2013
The primary objective of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) prevention and treatment is to reduce maternal deaths. Misoprostol has the major public health advantage over injectable medication that it can more easily be distributed at community level. Because mi - Post-surgical chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastric cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Aug-2013
For gastric cancer surgery is the mainstay treatment. Chemotherapy seems to improve the survival results. But chemotherapy is not a complication-free therapy and its role has been questioned by some trials. - Posture and fluids for preventing post-dural puncture headache
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2013
Potentially disabling postural headache occurs after dural puncture in 1-70% of patients. It has been suggested that such headaches may be less common if patients routinely have a period of bed rest or receive supplementary fluids after the procedure. - Potentiators (specific therapies for class III and IV mutations) for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2018
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the commonest inherited life-shortening illness in white populations, caused by a mutation in the gene that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator protein (CFTR), which functions as a salt transporter. This mutation - Pramipexole for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
The long-term use of levodopa in Parkinson's disease is associated with the development of motor complications including abnormal involuntary movements (dyskinesia) and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). It is thought that dopami - Pramipexole versus bromocriptine for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
Long-term levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease is associated with the development of motor complications including abnormal involuntary movements and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). It is thought that dopamine agonists can - Prebiotics for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Aug-2019
Hyperbilirubinaemia occurs in approximately two-thirds of all newborns during the first days of life and is frequently treated with phototherapy. Although generally seen as safe, there is rising concern regarding phototherapy and its potentially damaging - Prebiotics in infants for prevention of allergy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Feb-2013
Prebiotics (commonly oligosaccharides) added to infant feeds have the potential to prevent sensitisation of infants to dietary allergens. - Preconception and antenatal screening for the fragile site on the X-chromosome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
Fragile X is the most common cause of mental retardation after Down syndrome. It is the commonest inherited cause of mental retardation, and results from a dynamic mutation in a gene on the long arm of the X chromosome. Various strategies are used for pre - Preconception care for diabetic women for improving maternal and infant health
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Aug-2017
Infants born to mothers with pre-existing type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus are at greater risk of congenital anomalies, perinatal mortality and significant morbidity in the short and long term. Pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes are at greater ri - Preconception counselling for women with epilepsy to reduce adverse pregnancy outcome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Mar-2014
The provision of preconception counselling to women with epilepsy (WWE) has become established as recommended practice and includes a review of drug treatment and the provision of information and advice on both seizure and treatment-related risks to both - Preconception lifestyle advice for people with subfertility
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Infertility is a prevalent problem and has significant consequences for individuals, families and the wider community. People's chance of having a healthy, live birth may be impacted upon by factors such as weight, diet, smoking, other substance abuse, en - Pre-discharge "car seat challenge" for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2008
Physiological monitoring studies indicate that some preterm infants experience episodes of oxygen desaturation, apnoea, or bradycardia when seated in standard car safety seats. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all preterm infants should
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