- Patient reminder and recall interventions to improve immunization rates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2018
Immunization rates for children and adults are rising, but coverage levels have not reached optimal goals. As a result, vaccine-preventable diseases still occur. In an era of increasing complexity of immunization schedules, rising expectations about the p - Patient-controlled analgesia with remifentanil versus alternative parenteral methods for pain management in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2017
Multiple analgesic strategies for pain relief during labour are available. Recently remifentanil, a short-acting opioid, has recently been used as an alternative analgesic due to its unique pharmacological properties. - Patient-mediated interventions to improve professional practice
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Sep-2018
Healthcare professionals are important contributors to healthcare quality and patient safety, but their performance does not always follow recommended clinical practice. There are many approaches to influencing practice among healthcare professionals. The - Patient-reported outcome measures for follow-up after gynaecological cancer treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2016
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Gynaecologic cancer treatment is known to have the potential for a major impact on quality of life (QoL). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is an umbrella term that covers a range of potential types of - Paying for performance to improve the delivery of health interventions in low- and middle-income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2013
There is a growing interest in paying for performance as a means to align the incentives of health workers and health providers with public health goals. However, there is currently a lack of rigorous evidence on the effectiveness of these strategies in i - Payment methods for outpatient care facilities
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Mar-2017
Outpatient care facilities provide a variety of basic healthcare services to individuals who do not require hospitalisation or institutionalisation, and are usually the patient's first contact. The provision of outpatient care contributes to immediate and - Pedicle screw fixation for traumatic fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2013
Spine fractures are common. The treatment of traumatic fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine remains controversial but surgery involving pedicle screw fixation has become a popular option. - Peginterferon alpha-2a versus peginterferon alpha-2b for chronic hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Feb-2014
A combination of weekly pegylated interferon (peginterferon) alpha and daily ribavirin still represents standard treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection in the majority of patients. However, it is not established which of the two licensed peginterferon - Peginterferon plus ribavirin versus interferon plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Feb-2014
Pegylated interferon (peginterferon) plus ribavirin is the recommended treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C, but systematic assessment of the effect of this treatment compared with interferon plus ribavirin is needed. - Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2016
Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cancer in women and it is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. The majority of ovarian tumours are epithelial in origin. Women with relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) often have a reduced performance statu - Pelargonium sidoides extract for treating acute respiratory tract infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Oct-2013
Pelargonium sidoides (P. sidoides), also known as Umckaloabo, is a herbal remedy thought to be effective in the treatment of acute respiratory infections (ARIs). - Pelvic floor muscle training for urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
Pelvic floor muscle training is the most commonly recommended physical therapy treatment for women with stress leakage of urine. It is also used in the treatment of women with mixed incontinence, and less commonly for urge incontinence. Adjuncts, such as - Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2018
Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is the most commonly used physical therapy treatment for women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). It is sometimes also recommended for mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) and, less commonly, urgency urinary incontinen - Pembrolizumab monotherapy versus chemotherapy for treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma with disease progression during or following platinum-containing chemotherapy. A Cochrane Rapid Review
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2018
The use of systemic immunotherapy targets is emerging as an important treatment option for metastatic urothelial carcinoma, particularly for patients who cannot tolerate or who fail cisplatin-based chemotherapy. One such target is the inhibition of the ch - Pemetrexed disodium in combination with cisplatin versus other cytotoxic agents or supportive care for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Mar-2012
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive malignancy whose incidence is expected to increase in the United Kingdom, Western Europe, and Australia over the next 20 years as a result of occupational exposure to asbestos fibres. Surgery is - Penfluridol for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2012
Penfluridol, available since 1970, is an unusual long acting oral antipsychotic agent for the treatment of schizophrenia. It may be considered a depot medication as it is administered once a week. - Penicillamine for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2011
D-penicillamine is a penicillin derived compound originally used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the 1950's. Although frequently used in the past, its use has declined with the increasing use of other disease modifying anti-rheumatic d - Penile rehabilitation for postprostatectomy erectile dysfunction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Oct-2018
Despite efforts to preserve the neurovascular bundles with nerve-sparing surgery, erectile dysfunction remains common following radical prostatectomy. Postoperative penile rehabilitation seeks to restore erectile function but results have been conflicting - Pentasaccharides for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Dec-2017
Standard treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is based on antithrombotic therapy, initially with parenteral administration of unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) for five to seven days, then subsequent long-term therapy with - Pentoxifylline for diabetic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2013
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, mostly relating to cardiovascular complications. The relevance of inflammation in the pathogenesis of DKD has been investigated in recent years, and it has been shown that
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