- Specialist home-based nursing services for children with acute and chronic illnesses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Jun-2013
Specialist paediatric home-based nursing services have been proposed as a cost-effective means of reducing distress resulting from hospital admissions, while enhancing primary care and reducing length of hospital stay. This review is an update of our orig - Specialist nurses in diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2008
The patient with diabetes has many different learning needs relating to diet, monitoring, and treatments. In many health care systems specialist nurses provide much of these needs, usually aiming to empower patients to self-manage their diabetes. The pres - Specialist nursing interventions for inflammatory bowel disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2009
The number, type and roles of specialist nurses dedicated to the care and management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease is increasing. Despite this increase, there has been little evidence to date to demonstrate the effectiveness of specialist nu - Specialist outreach clinics in primary care and rural hospital settings.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Specialist medical practitioners have conducted clinics in primary care and rural hospital settings for a variety of reasons in many different countries. Such clinics have been regarded as an important policy option for increasing the accessibility and ef - Specialist teams for neonatal transport to neonatal intensive care units for prevention of morbidity and mortality
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Oct-2015
Maternal antenatal transfers provide better neonatal outcomes. However, there will inevitably be some infants who require acute transport to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Because of this, many institutions develop services to provide neonatal tra - Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2013
Moderate acute malnutrition, also called moderate wasting, affects around 10% of children under five years of age in low- and middle-income countries. There are different approaches to addressing malnutrition with prepared foods in these settings; for exa - Specific allergen immunotherapy for the treatment of atopic eczema
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Feb-2016
Specific allergen immunotherapy (SIT) is a treatment that may improve disease severity in people with atopic eczema (AE) by inducing immune tolerance to the relevant allergen. A high quality systematic review has not previously assessed the efficacy and s - Spectacle correction versus no spectacles for prevention of strabismus in hyperopic children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Aug-2014
Hyperopia (far-sightedness) in infancy requires accommodative effort to bring images into focus. Prolonged accommodative effort has been associated with an increased risk of strabismus (eye misalignment). Strabismus makes it difficult for the eyes to work - Spectral entropy monitoring for adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Mar-2016
Anaesthetic drugs during general anaesthesia are titrated according to sympathetic or somatic responses to surgical stimuli. It is now possible to measure depth of anaesthesia using electroencephalography (EEG). Entropy, an EEG-based monitor can be used t - Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-May-2016
Aphasia is an acquired language impairment following brain damage that affects some or all language modalities: expression and understanding of speech, reading, and writing. Approximately one third of people who have a stroke experience aphasia. - Speech and language therapy for management of chronic cough
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2019
Cough both protects and clears the airway. Cough has three phases: breathing in (inspiration), closure of the glottis, and a forced expiratory effort. Chronic cough has a negative, far-reaching impact on quality of life. Few effective medical treatments f - Speech and language therapy interventions for children with primary speech and language delay or disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-May-2015
It is thought that approximately 6% of children have speech and language difficulties of which the majority will not have any other significant developmental difficulties. Whilst most children's difficulties resolve, children whose difficulties persist in - Speech and language therapy to improve the communication skills of children with cerebral palsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Mar-2016
The production of speech, language and gesture for communication is often affected by cerebral palsy. Communication difficulties associated with cerebral palsy can be multifactorial, arising from motor, intellectual and sensory impairments. Children with - Speech and language therapy versus placebo or no intervention for speech problems in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2012
Parkinson's disease patients commonly suffer from speech and vocal problems including dysarthric speech, reduced loudness and loss of articulation. These symptoms increase in frequency and intensity with progression of the disease). Speech and language th - Speech therapy for children with dysarthria acquired before three years of age
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Jul-2016
Children with motor impairments often have the motor speech disorder dysarthria, a condition which effects the tone, strength and co-ordination of any or all of the muscles used for speech. Resulting speech difficulties can range from mild, with slightly - Speed cameras for the prevention of road traffic injuries and deaths
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2012
It is estimated that by 2020, road traffic crashes will have moved from ninth to third in the world ranking of burden of disease, as measured in disability adjusted life years. The prevention of road traffic injuries is of global public health importance. - Sperm washing to prevent HIV transmission from HIV-infected men but allowing conception in sero-discordant couples
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2011
Sperm washing is a term used to describe the process in which individual spermatozoa are separated from the seminal fluid. Sperm washing is used to prevent HIV transmission but allow conception in sero-discordant couples, where the male is HIV positive, b - Spermicide used alone for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2013
Spermicides have been used as contraceptives for thousands of years. Despite this long use, only recently have studies examined the comparative efficacy and acceptability of these vaginal medications. Spermicides contain an active ingredient (most commonl - Sphincterotomy for biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2008
The sphincter of Oddi regulates both bile and pancreatic juice flow into the duodenum. When dysfunction occurs it leads to problems relating to either the bile or pancreatic ducts. On the biliary side, the most common problem is recurrent biliary type pai - Spinal cord stimulation for cancer-related pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2019
This is an update of a review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 3, 2013. Cancer-related pain places a heavy burden on public health with related high expenditure. Severe pain is associated with a decreased quality of life in patients with c
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