- Parenteral calcium for intensive care unit patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2009
Hypocalcemia is prevalent among critically ill patients requiring intensive care. Several epidemiological studies highlight a direct association between hypocalcemia and mortality. These data provide the impetus for current guidelines recommending parente - Parenteral fluid regimens for improving functional outcome in people with acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2015
Parenteral fluids are commonly used in people with acute stroke with poor oral fluid intake. However, the balance between benefit and harm for different fluid regimens is unclear. - Parent-infant psychotherapy for improving parental and infant mental health
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jan-2015
Parent-infant psychotherapy (PIP) is a dyadic intervention that works with parent and infant together, with the aim of improving the parent-infant relationship and promoting infant attachment and optimal infant development. PIP aims to achieve this by tar - Parenting interventions for the prevention of unintentional injuries in childhood
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2013
Parent education and training programmes can improve maternal psychosocial health, child behavioural problems, and parenting practices. This review assesses the effects of parenting interventions for reducing child injury. - Parent-initiated oral corticosteroid therapy for intermittent wheezing illnesses in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2008
Intermittent wheezing illnesses, which include viral associated wheeze and asthma, are amongst the most common reasons for children to present urgently to a doctor. Whether parents should commence oral corticosteroids (OCS) for an episode of acute wheeze - Parent-mediated early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2013
Young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have impairments in the areas of communication and social interaction and often display repetitive or non-compliant behaviour. This early pattern of difficulties is a challenge for parents. Therefore, ap - Parent-only interventions for childhood overweight or obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Dec-2015
Child and adolescent overweight and obesity have increased globally, and are associated with short- and long-term health consequences. - Paroxetine versus other anti-depressive agents for depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2014
Paroxetine is the most potent inhibitor of the reuptake of serotonin of all selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and has been studied in many randomised controlled trials (RCTs). However, these comparative studies provided contrasting findings - Partial nephrectomy versus radical nephrectomy for clinical localised renal masses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-May-2017
Partial nephrectomy and radical nephrectomy are the relevant surgical therapy options for localised renal cell carcinoma. However, debate regarding the effects of these surgical approaches continues and it is important to identify and summarise high-quali - Participation in environmental enhancement and conservation activities for health and well-being in adults: a review of quantitative and qualitative evidence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-May-2016
There is growing research and policy interest in the potential for using the natural environment to enhance human health and well-being. This resource may be underused as a health promotion tool to address the increasing burden of common health problems s - Passiflora for anxiety disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2008
Anxiety is a very common mental health problem in the general population and in the primary care setting. Herbal medicines are popularly used worldwide and could be an option for treating anxiety if shown to be effective and safe. Passiflora (passionflowe - Passive movements for the treatment and prevention of contractures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jan-2014
Contractures, a common complication following immobility, lead to restricted joint range of motion. Passive movements (PMs) are widely used for the treatment and prevention of contractures; however, it is not clear whether they are effective. - Patellar taping for patellofemoral pain syndrome in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Mar-2012
Patellofemoral pain syndrome refers to the clinical presentation of knee pain related to changes in the patellofemoral joint. Patellofemoral pain syndrome usually has a gradual onset of pain with none of the features associated with other knee diseases or - Patellar tendon versus hamstring tendon autograft for anterior cruciate ligament rupture in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jul-2011
Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) commonly involves patellar tendon (PT) or hamstring tendon(s) (HT) autografts. There is no consensus with respect to the choice between these two grafts in ACL surgery. - Pathogen-reduced platelets for the prevention of bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2017
Platelet transfusions are used to prevent and treat bleeding in people who are thrombocytopenic. Despite improvements in donor screening and laboratory testing, a small risk of viral, bacterial, or protozoal contamination of platelets remains. There is al - Patient- and parent-initiated oral steroids for asthma exacerbations
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Nov-2016
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways affecting an estimated 334 million people worldwide. During severe exacerbations, patients may need to attend a medical centre or hospital emergency department for treatment with systemic corticoster - Patient controlled intravenous opioid analgesia versus continuous epidural analgesia for pain after intra-abdominal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Feb-2013
There are two common techniques for postoperative pain control after intra-abdominal surgery: patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with intravenous opioids and continuous epidural analgesia (CEA). It is uncertain which method has better pain control and few - Patient education and counselling for promoting adherence to treatment for tuberculosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2012
Non-adherence to tuberculosis treatment can lead to prolonged periods of infectiousness, relapse, emergence of drug-resistance, and increased morbidity and mortality. In this review, we assess whether patient education or counselling, or both, promotes ad - Patient education for mechanical neck disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2009
To track down the best estimate of efficacy of the various conservative management strategies for mechanical neck disorders, a four-part systematic review was prepared. Part four investigates the efficacy of patient education strategies as the therapeutic - Patient reminder and recall interventions to improve immunization rates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2018
Immunization rates for children and adults are rising, but coverage levels have not reached optimal goals. As a result, vaccine-preventable diseases still occur. In an era of increasing complexity of immunization schedules, rising expectations about the p
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