- Removal of nail polish and finger rings to prevent surgical infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2014
Surgical wound infections may be caused by the transfer of bacteria from the hands of surgical teams to patients during operations. Surgical scrubbing prior to surgery reduces the number of bacteria on the skin, but wearing rings and nail polish on the fi - Renal denervation for resistant hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Nov-2021
Resistant hypertension is highly prevalent among the general hypertensive population and the clinical management of this condition remains problematic. Different approaches, including a more intensified antihypertensive therapy, lifestyle modifications or - Renin inhibitors versus angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for primary hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Oct-2020
Renin inhibitors (RIs) reduce blood pressure more than placebo, with the magnitude of this effect thought to be similar to that for angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. However, a drug's efficacy in lowering blood pressure cannot be considered - Repeat digital cervical assessment in pregnancy for identifying women at risk of preterm labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2010
Repeat digital cervical assessment (RDCA - examination of the cervix with a finger) has been promoted as a routine intervention in the antenatal clinic as a screening test for the risk of preterm birth (that is, birth occurring before 37 weeks of gestatio - Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Apr-2022
Infants born preterm (before 37 weeks' gestation) are at risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and need for respiratory support due to lung immaturity. One course of prenatal corticosteroids, administered to women at risk of preterm birth, reduces t - Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures in newborns with intraventricular haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Apr-2017
Although in recent years the percentage of preterm infants who suffer intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) has reduced, posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) remains a serious problem with a high rate of cerebral palsy and no evidence-based treatment. Surviv - Repeated use of pre‐ and postcoital hormonal contraception for prevention of pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2014
Repeated use of postcoital hormonal contraception is not currently recommended due to the higher risk of side effects and lower contraceptive effectiveness compared to other modern methods of contraception. However, emerging evidence indicates renewed int - Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation for impairment and disability in people after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Nov-2019
Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) is a non-invasive treatment method that can penetrate to deeper structures with painless stimulation to improve motor function in people with physical impairment due to brain or nerve disorders. rPMS for p - Repetitive task training for improving functional ability after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2016
Repetitive task training (RTT) involves the active practice of task-specific motor activities and is a component of current therapy approaches in stroke rehabilitation. - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for panic disorder in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Sep-2014
Panic disorder (PD) is a common type of anxiety disorder, characterized by unexpected and repeated panic attacks or fear of future panic attacks, or both. Individuals with PD are often resistant to pharmacological or psychological treatments and this can - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for improving function after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Apr-2013
It had been assumed that suppressing the undamaged contralesional motor cortex by repetitive low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or increasing the excitability of the damaged hemisphere cortex by high-frequency rTMS will promote functio - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-May-2013
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease (MND), is a progressive neurodegenerative disease without effective therapies. Several studies have suggested that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may have positiv - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for tinnitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Aug-2011
Tinnitus is the perception of sound, in the ear or in the head, in the absence of any external acoustic stimulation. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive means of inducing electrical currents in the brain, and has received - Replacement arthroplasty versus internal fixation for extracapsular hip fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
Internal fixation, commonly used for extracapsular hip fractures, may fail particularly in unstable fractures. Replacement of the hip using arthroplasty, often used for intracapsular fractures, has been used as an alternative. - Replacement of estrogens and progestins to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2004
A potential therapeutic effect of sex steroids on premature infants has been proposed from animal data and observational studies in humans. Purported benefits include reduction in chronic lung disease, improved bone density and improved neurodevelopmental - Replacement versus repair of defective restorations in adults: amalgam
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Feb-2014
Amalgam is a common filling material for posterior teeth, as with any restoration amalgams have a finite life-span. Traditionally replacement was the ideal approach to treat defective amalgam restorations, however, repair offers an alternative more conser - Replacement versus repair of defective restorations in adults: resin composite
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Feb-2014
Composite filling materials have been increasingly used for the restoration of posterior teeth in recent years as a tooth-coloured alternative to amalgam. As with any filling material composites have a finite life-span. Traditionally, replacement was the - Repositioning for pressure injury prevention in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jun-2020
A pressure injury (PI), also referred to as a 'pressure ulcer', or 'bedsore', is an area of localised tissue damage caused by unrelieved pressure, friction, or shearing on any part of the body. Immobility is a major risk factor and manual repositioning a - Repositioning for treating pressure ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jan-2015
Pressure, from lying or sitting on a particular part of the body results in reduced oxygen and nutrient supply, impaired drainage of waste products and damage to cells. If a patient with an existing pressure ulcer continues to lie or bear weight on the af - Rescue high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-1998
Despite the increased use of antenatal steroids and surfactant replacement therapy, pulmonary disease, principally due to the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), continues to be a major cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates. In addition to immatur
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