- Rapid antigen detection test for group A streptococcus in children with pharyngitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Jul-2016
Group A streptococcus (GAS) accounts for 20% to 40% of cases of pharyngitis in children; the remaining cases are caused by viruses. Compared with throat culture, rapid antigen detection tests (RADTs) offer diagnosis at the point of care (within five to 10 - Rapid COJEC versus standard induction therapies for high-risk neuroblastoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2016
Neuroblastoma is a rare malignant disease and mainly affects infants and very young children. The tumors mainly develop in the adrenal medullary tissue and an abdominal mass is the most common presentation. The high-risk group is characterized by metastas - Rapid correction of early metabolic acidaemia in comparison with placebo, no intervention or slow correction in LBW infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Metabolic or mixed (metabolic and respiratory) acidosis are commonly encountered problems in the low birth weight (LBW) infant after delivery, and they may contribute to mortality and morbidity. Causes for the lactic acidosis are multiple and include mate - Rapid diagnostic tests for diagnosing uncomplicated non-falciparum or Plasmodium vivax malaria in endemic countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2015
In settings where both Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infection cause malaria, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) need to distinguish which species is causing the patients' symptoms, as different treatments are required. Older RDTs incorporated two - Rapid diagnostic tests for diagnosing uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in endemic countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Dec-2011
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for Plasmodium falciparum malaria use antibodies to detect either HRP-2 antigen or pLDH antigen, and can improve access to diagnostics in developing countries. - Rapid diagnostic tests for typhoid and paratyphoid (enteric) fever
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2017
Differentiating both typhoid (Salmonella Typhi) and paratyphoid (Salmonella Paratyphi A) infection from other causes of fever in endemic areas is a diagnostic challenge. Although commercial point-of-care rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for enteric fever are - Rapid diagnostic tests versus clinical diagnosis for managing people with fever in malaria endemic settings
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2014
In 2010, the World Health Organization recommended that all patients with suspected malaria are tested for malaria before treatment. In rural African settings light microscopy is often unavailable. Diagnosis has relied on detecting fever, and most people - Rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy for people living with HIV
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2019
Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) being widely available, HIV continues to cause substantial illness and premature death in low-and-middle-income countries. High rates of loss to follow-up after HIV diagnosis can delay people starting ART. Starting ART - Rapid tests for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in patients with suspected disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2014
The diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in patients with fever and a large spleen relies on showing Leishmania parasites in tissue samples and on serological tests. Parasitological techniques are invasive, require sophisticated laboratories, consume - Rapid versus stepwise negative pressure application for vacuum extraction assisted vaginal delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2012
Vacuum extraction is a common technique of assisted vaginal delivery. Traditionally, it has been recommended that the pressure is increased slowly in a stepwise procedure; some have advocated rapid increases in pressure. - Rapid viral diagnosis for acute febrile respiratory illness in children in the Emergency Department
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Sep-2014
Pediatric acute respiratory infections (ARIs) represent a significant burden on pediatric Emergency Departments (EDs) and families. Most of these illnesses are due to viruses. However, investigations (radiography, blood, and urine testing) to rule out bac - Reading aids for adults with low vision
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Apr-2018
The purpose of low-vision rehabilitation is to allow people to resume or to continue to perform daily living tasks, with reading being one of the most important. This is achieved by providing appropriate optical devices and special training in the use of - Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) for home-based nutritional rehabilitation of severe acute malnutrition in children from six months to five years of age
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2019
Management of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children comprises two potential phases: stabilisation and rehabilitation. During the initial stabilisation phase, children receive treatment for dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, intercurrent infections - Reality orientation for dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
Reality Orientation (RO) was first described as a technique to improve the quality of life of confused elderly people, although its origins lie in an attempt to rehabilitate severely disturbed war veterans, not in geriatric work. It operates through the p - Recall intervals for oral health in primary care patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2013
The frequency with which patients should attend for a dental check-up and the potential effects on oral health of altering recall intervals between check-ups have been the subject of ongoing international debate in recent decades. Although recommendations - Recombinant factor VIIa concentrate versus plasma-derived concentrates for treating acute bleeding episodes in people with haemophilia and inhibitors
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2015
In people with haemophilia, therapeutic clotting agents might be recognised as a foreign protein and induce anti-factor VIII antibodies, known as 'inhibitors'. Drugs insensitive to such antibodies, either recombinant or plasma-derived, are called factor V - Recombinant factor VIIa for the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients without haemophilia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Mar-2012
Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is licensed for use in patients with haemophilia and inhibitory allo-antibodies and for prophylaxis and treatment of patients with congenital factor VII deficiency. It is also used for off-license indications to prevent bl - Recombinant FSH versus urinary gonadotrophins or recombinant FSH for ovulation induction in subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Aug-2015
Gonadotrophins are known to be effective in inducing ovulation in women with clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. Ovulation induction with FSH bears the risk of multiple follicle development and multiple pregnancies. The dose regimen used can a - Recombinant growth hormone for children and adolescents with Turner syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Turner syndrome (TS) affects about one in 1500 to 2500 live-born females. One of the most prevalent and salient features of the syndrome is extremely short stature. Untreated women are approximately 20 to 21 cm shorter than normal women within their respe - Recombinant growth hormone for idiopathic short stature in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Idiopathic short stature (ISS) refers to children who are very short compared with their peers for unknown or hereditary reasons. Recombinant human growth hormone (GH) has been used to increase growth and final height in children with ISS.
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