- Preventive staff-support interventions for health workers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2014
Healthcare workers need to be supported to maintain sufficient levels of motivation and productivity, and to prevent the debilitating effects of stress on mental and physical well-being. - Primaquine alternative dosing schedules for preventing malaria relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Plasmodium vivax liver stages (hypnozoites) may cause relapses, prolonging morbidity, and impeding malaria control and elimination. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends three schedules for primaquine: 0.25 mg/kg/day (standard), or 0.5 mg/kg/day - Primaquine for preventing relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria treated with chloroquine
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2013
Plasmodium vivax infections are an important contributor to the malaria burden worldwide. The World Health Organization recommends a 14-day course of primaquine (0.25 mg/kg/day, giving an adult dose of 15 mg/day) to eradicate the liver stage of the paras - Primaquine or other 8-aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Feb-2018
The 8-aminoquinoline (8AQ) drugs act on Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes, which transmit malaria from infected people to mosquitoes. In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended a single dose of 0.25 mg/kg primaquine (PQ) be added to malaria - Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Mar-2019
Intravenous thrombolytic therapy is the standard care for patients with acute myocardial infarction, based upon its widespread availability and ability to reduce patient mortality well demonstrated in randomised trials. Despite its proven efficacy, thromb - Primary antifungal prophylaxis for cryptococcal disease in HIV-positive people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2018
Cryptococcal disease remains one of the main causes of death in HIV-positive people who have low cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell counts. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends screening HIV-positive people with low CD4 counts fo - Primary care based clinics for asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Mar-2012
Asthma is defined as the presence of variable airflow obstruction with symptoms (more than one of wheeze, breathlessness, chest tightness, cough). It is becoming increasingly common worldwide and this is especially true in higher income countries. In seve - Primary care professionals providing non‐urgent care in hospital emergency departments
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Feb-2018
In many countries emergency departments (EDs) are facing an increase in demand for services, long waits, and severe crowding. One response to mitigate overcrowding has been to provide primary care services alongside or within hospital EDs for patients wit - Primary closure versus delayed closure for non bite traumatic wounds within 24 hours post injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2013
Acute traumatic wounds are one of the common reasons why people present to the emergency department. Primary closure has traditionally been reserved for traumatic wounds presenting within six hours of injury and considered 'clean' by the attending surgeon - Primary cryotherapy for localised or locally advanced prostate cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2018
Traditionally, radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy with or without androgen deprivation therapy have been the main treatment options to attempt to cure men with localised or locally advanced prostate cancer. Cryotherapy is an alternative option for tre - Primary groin irradiation versus primary groin surgery for early vulvar cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2016
Despite changes in technique, morbidity after surgery for vulvar cancer is high and mainly related to the groin dissection. Primary radiotherapy to the groin is expected to result in lower morbidity. However, studies on the efficacy of primary radiotherap - Primary prevention of variceal bleeding in people with oesophageal varices due to liver cirrhosis: a network meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Approximately 40% to 95% of people with cirrhosis have oesophageal varices. About 15% to 20% of oesophageal varices bleed in about one to three years. There are several different treatments to prevent bleeding, including: beta-blockers, endoscopic sclerot - Primary prophylactic colony-stimulating factors for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in breast cancer patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
High-dose or dose-intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy often causes myelosuppression and severe neutropenia among cancer patients. Severe neutropenia accompanied by fever, named febrile neutropenia (FN), is the most serious manifestation of neutropenia usuall - Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) often complicates the clinical course of cancer. The risk is further increased by chemotherapy, but the trade-off between safety and efficacy of primary thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy is uncert - Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing cardiac or thoracic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jun-2015
Cardiac and thoracic surgery are associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The safety and efficacy of primary thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing these types of surgery is uncertain. - Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in people undergoing major amputation of the lower extremity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
People undergoing major amputation of the lower limb are at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Risk factors for VTE in amputees include advanced age, sedentary lifestyle, longstanding arterial disease and an identifiable hypercoagulable condi - Primary repair for penetrating colon injuries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2009
Primary repair of penetrating colon injuries is an appealing management option. However, uncertainty about its safety persists. - Primary school-based behavioural interventions for preventing caries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2013
Dental caries is one of the most common global childhood diseases and is, for the most part, entirely preventable. Good oral health is dependent on the establishment of the key behaviours of toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and controlling sugar sna - Primary stenting versus primary balloon angioplasty for treating acute myocardial infarction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Nov-2012
Balloon angioplasty following myocardial infarction (MI) reduces death, non-fatal MI and stroke compared to thrombolytic reperfusion. However up to 50% of patients experience restenosis and 3% to 5% recurrent myocardial infarction. Therefore, primary sten - Primary surgery versus primary radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy for early adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
For early squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, the outcome is similar after either primary surgery or primary radiotherapy. There are reports that this is not the case for early adenocarcinoma (AC) of the uterine cervix: some studies have report
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