- Preoperative exercise training for patients with non‐small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2017
Surgical resection for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) offers the best chance of cure, but is associated with a risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (i.e. pneumonia (new infiltrate coupled with either fever (> 38º C) and purulent s - Preoperative fasting for adults to prevent perioperative complications
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2010
Fasting before general anaesthesia aims to reduce the volume and acidity of stomach contents during surgery, thus reducing the risk of regurgitation/aspiration. Recent guidelines have recommended a shift in fasting policy from the standard 'nil by mouth f - Preoperative fasting for preventing perioperative complications in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2010
Children, like adults, are required to fast before general anaesthesia with the aim of reducing the volume and acidity of their stomach contents. It is thought that fasting reduces the risk of regurgitation and aspiration of gastric contents during surger - Preoperative hair removal to reduce surgical site infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Sep-2011
Although preparation of people for surgery has traditionally included removal of hair from the incision site, some studies claim that preoperative hair removal is harmful, causes surgical site infections (SSIs), and should be avoided. - Preoperative inspiratory muscle training for postoperative pulmonary complications in adults undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Sep-2015
Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) have an impact on the recovery of adults after surgery. It is therefore important to establish whether preoperative respiratory rehabilitation can decrease the risk of PPCs and to identify adults who might bene - Pre‐operative intra aortic balloon pumps in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
The intra aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a mechanical assist device which improves cardiac function. The device has a well-established place in algorithms for managing low cardiac output following cardiac surgery. There is increasing evidence that certain - Preoperative medical therapy before surgery for uterine fibroids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2017
Uterine fibroids occur in up to 40% of women aged over 35 years. Some are asymptomatic, but up to 50% cause symptoms that warrant therapy. Symptoms include anaemia caused by heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhoea, infertility and low quality - Pre-operative Nutrition Support in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Surgery.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2012
Post-operative management in gastrointestinal (GI) surgery is becoming well established with 'Enhanced Recovery After Surgery' protocols starting 24 hours prior to surgery with carbohydrate loading and early oral or enteral feeding given to patients the f - Preoperative physical therapy for elective cardiac surgery patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
After cardiac surgery, physical therapy is a routine procedure delivered with the aim of preventing postoperative pulmonary complications. - Preoperative radiotherapy and curative surgery for the management of localised rectal carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Oct-2018
This is an update of the original review published in 2007. - Preoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Feb-2012
The existing randomized evidence has failed to conclusively demonstrate the benefit or otherwise of preoperative radiotherapy in treating patients with potentially resectable esophageal carcinoma. - Preoperative ripening of the cervix before operative hysteroscopy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2015
Hysteroscopy is an operation in which the gynaecologist examines the uterine cavity using a small telescopic instrument (hysteroscope) inserted via the vagina and the cervix. Almost 50% of hysteroscopic complications are related to difficulty with cervica - Preoperative skin antiseptics for preventing surgical wound infections after clean surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2015
Surgical site infection rates in the month following clean surgery vary from 0.6% (knee prosthesis) to 5% (limb amputation). Due to the large number of clean surgical procedures conducted annually the costs of these surgical site infections (SSIs) can be - Preoperative statin therapy for patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Aug-2017
Patients referred to cardiac surgery for cardiovascular disease are at significant risk for the development of major postoperative adverse events despite significant advances in surgical techniques and perioperative care. Statins (5-hydroxy-3-methylglutar - Pre-operative traction for hip fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2011
Following a hip fracture, traction may be applied to the injured limb before surgery. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 1997, and previously updated in 2006. - Preoperative vascular access evaluation for haemodialysis patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2015
Haemodialysis treatment requires reliable vascular access. Optimal access is provided via functional arteriovenous fistula (fistula), which compared with other forms of vascular access, provides superior long-term patency, requires few interventions, has - Preoxygenation for tracheal suctioning in intubated, ventilated newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2009
Endotracheal suctioning for mechanically ventilated infants is routine practice in neonatal intensive care. However, this practice is associated with serious complications including lobar collapse, pneumothorax, bradycardia and hypoxaemia. Increasing the - Pre-referral rectal artesunate for severe malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Aug-2014
Severe or complicated malaria is a medical emergency and people die as a result of delays in starting treatment. Most patients need parenteral treatment, and in primary healthcare facilities, where intravenous therapy is not available but intramuscular in - Prescribed hypocaloric nutrition support for critically‐ill adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Dec-2018
There are controversies about the amount of calories and the type of nutritional support that should be given to critically-ill people. Several authors advocate the potential benefits of hypocaloric nutrition support, but the evidence is inconclusive. - Prescription of prosthetic ankle-foot mechanisms after lower limb amputation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
A prosthesis can be divided into several components: the prosthetic socket; the prosthetic ankle-foot mechanism; and for higher levels of amputation, the prosthetic knee. This review focuses on the prosthetic ankle-foot mechanism, which forms an important
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