- Plasma expanders for people with cirrhosis and large ascites treated with abdominal paracentesis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jun-2019
Plasma volume expanders are used in connection to paracentesis in people with cirrhosis to prevent reduction of effective plasma volume, which may trigger deleterious effect on haemodynamic balance, and increase morbidity and mortality. Albumin is conside - Plasma interleukin‐6 concentration for the diagnosis of sepsis in critically ill adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2019
The definition of sepsis has evolved over time, along with the clinical and scientific knowledge behind it. For years, sepsis was defined as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in the presence of a documented or suspected infection. At presen - Plasma transfusion strategies for critically ill patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Dec-2013
Although plasma transfusions are frequently prescribed for critically ill patients, most clinical uses of plasma are not supported by evidence. Plasma transfusions do not seem to correct mild coagulation abnormalities based on international normalised rat - Plasma transfusions prior to insertion of central lines for people with abnormal coagulation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2016
The insertion of central venous catheters (CVCs) may be associated with peri- and post-procedural bleeding. People who require a central line often have disorders of coagulation as a result of their underlying illness, co-morbidities or the effects of tre - Plasma transfusions prior to lumbar punctures and epidural catheters for people with abnormal coagulation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Sep-2017
The insertion of a lumbar puncture needle or epidural catheter may be associated with peri- and post-procedural bleeding. People who require this procedure may have disorders of coagulation as a result of their underlying illness, co-morbidities or the ef - Plasma volume expansion for suspected impaired fetal growth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-May-2010
Failure of the normal expansion of plasma volume in the mother is associated with impaired fetal growth and pre-eclampsia. - Plasma volume expansion for treatment of pre-eclampsia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
Plasma volume is reduced amongst women with pre-eclampsia. This association has led to the suggestion that expanding the plasma volume might improve maternal and uteroplacental circulation, and so potentially improve outcome for both the woman and her bab - Platelet count, spleen length, and platelet count‐to‐spleen length ratio for the diagnosis of oesophageal varices in people with chronic liver disease or portal vein thrombosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Apr-2017
Current guidelines recommend screening of people with oesophageal varices via oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy at the time of diagnosis of hepatic cirrhosis. This requires that people repeatedly undergo unpleasant invasive procedures with their attendant ris - Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockers during percutaneous coronary intervention and as the initial medical treatment of non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2013
During percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and in non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS), the risk of acute vessel occlusion by thrombosis is high. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockers strongly inhibit platelet aggregation and may pre - Platelet rich therapies for long bone healing in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2012
The morbidity and socioeconomic costs associated with long bone healing are considerable. Platelet-rich therapies are autologous blood products with a greater concentration of platelets than physiological whole blood. Despite promising results from a numb - Platelet-rich therapies for musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Apr-2014
Platelet-rich therapies are being used increasingly in the treatment of musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries such as ligament, muscle and tendon tears and tendinopathies. These therapies can be used as the principal treatment or as an augmentation procedu - Platelet‐rich‐plasmapheresis for minimising peri‐operative allogeneic blood transfusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2011
Concerns regarding the safety of transfused blood have generated considerable enthusiasm for the use of technologies intended to reduce the use of allogeneic blood (blood from an unrelated donor). Platelet-rich plasmapheresis (PRP) offers an alternative a - Platinum versus non‐platinum chemotherapy regimens for small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2015
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a very fast growing form of cancer and is characterised by early metastasis. As a result, chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. A number of different platinum-based chemotherapy regimens and non-platinum-based chemoth - Platinum‐containing regimens for metastatic breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Aug-2017
Studies have reported high tumour response rates for platinum-containing regimens in the treatment of women with metastatic breast cancer. Most of these studies were conducted prior to the 'intrinsic subtype' era, and did not specifically focus on metasta - Platinum‐containing regimens for triple‐negative metastatic breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
In a previous Cochrane Review, we found that for women with metastatic breast cancer unselected for triple-negative disease, there is little or no survival benefit and excess toxicity from platinum-based regimens. In subgroup analyses, however, we found p - Platinum‐induced hearing loss after treatment for childhood cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2019
Platinum-based therapy, including cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin or a combination of these, is used to treat a variety of paediatric malignancies. Unfortunately, one of the most important adverse effects is the occurrence of hearing loss or ototoxici - Pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Nov-2013
Approximately half of all patients with metastatic cancer develop a malignant pleural effusion which is likely to lead to a significant reduction in quality of life secondary to symptoms such as dyspnoea and cough. The aim of pleurodesis in these patients - Plugs for containing faecal incontinence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jul-2015
Faecal incontinence is a distressing disorder with high social stigma. Not all people with faecal incontinence can be cured with conservative or surgical treatment and they may need to rely on containment products, such as anal plugs. - Pneumatic retinopexy versus scleral buckle for repairing simple rhegmatogenous retinal detachments
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2015
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a full-thickness break in the sensory retina, caused by vitreous traction on the retina. While pneumatic retinopexy, scleral buckle, and vitrectomy are the accepted surgical interventions for eyes with RRD, their - Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Prior to introducing pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), Streptococcus pneumoniae was most commonly isolated from the middle ear fluid of children with acute otitis media (AOM). Reducing nasopharyngeal colonisation of this bacterium by PCVs may lead t
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