- Buflomedil for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jun-2015
Few strategies are effective for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke. Buflomedil is a vasoactive agent that has been used for peripheral arterial diseases. Research studies have suggested that buflomedil may have beneficial effects in people with cere - Bulking agents, antispasmodics and antidepressants for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Feb-2013
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder. The role of pharmacotherapy for IBS is limited and focused mainly on symptom control. - Buprenorphine for managing opioid withdrawal
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Feb-2017
Managed withdrawal is a necessary step prior to drug-free treatment or as the endpoint of substitution treatment. - Buprenorphine maintenance versus placebo or methadone maintenance for opioid dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Feb-2014
Buprenorphine maintenance treatment has been evaluated in randomised controlled trials against placebo medication, and separately as an alternative to methadone for management of opioid dependence. - Cabergoline for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2015
Long term levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease is associated with the development of motor complications including abnormal involuntary movements and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). It is thought that dopamine agonists can - Cabergoline versus bromocriptine for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2015
Long term levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease is associated with the development of motor complications including abnormal involuntary movements and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). It is thought that dopamine agonists can - Caesarean delivery for the second twin
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2011
The optimal mode of birth for a second twin in breech position is controversial, with support for both caesarean and vaginal birth. - Caesarean section versus vaginal delivery for preventing mother to infant hepatitis C virus transmission
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-May-2010
Observational studies have generally not provided evidence that delivery by caesarean section reduces perinatal hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission. However, these studies have methodological weaknesses with potential for bias and their findings should b - Caffeine as an analgesic adjuvant for acute pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2019
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 3, 2012. Caffeine has been added to common analgesics such as paracetamol, ibuprofen, and aspirin, in the belief that it enhances analgesic efficacy. Evidence to support this be - Caffeine for the prevention of injuries and errors in shift workers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Apr-2010
Sleepiness leads to a deterioration in performance and attention, and is associated with an increased risk of injury. Jet lag and shift work disorder are circadian rhythm sleep disorders which result in sleepiness and can elevate injury risk. They create - Caffeine versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants, particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of loss of effective breathing can lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia, which may be severe enough to require resuscitation including use of positive p - Calcimimetics for secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Dec-2014
Calcimimetic agents lower abnormal serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in people who have chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the benefits and harms on patient-level outcomes are uncertain. Since this review was first published in 2006 showing that evide - Calcineurin inhibitor minimisation versus continuation of calcineurin inhibitor treatment for liver transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2012
The therapeutic success of liver transplantation has been largely attributable to the development of effective immunosuppressive treatment regimens. In particular, calcineurin inhibitors were essential in reducing acute rejection and improving early survi - Calcitonin for preventing and treating corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis is a cause of morbidity in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, asthma, and rheumatologic disorders. Corticosteroid treatment causes bone loss by a variety of complex mechanisms. It has been shown that bone m - Calcium and phosphorus supplementation of human milk for preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2017
Preterm infants are born with low skeletal stores of calcium and phosphorus. Preterm human milk provides insufficient calcium and phosphorus to meet the estimated needs of preterm infants for adequate growth. Supplementation of human milk with calcium and - Calcium channel blockers for preventing cardiomyopathy due to iron overload in people with transfusion-dependent beta thalassaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jun-2018
Beta thalassaemia is a common inherited blood disorder. The need for frequent blood transfusions in this condition poses a difficult problem to healthcare systems. The most common cause of morbidity and mortality is cardiac dysfunction from iron overload. - Calcium channel blockers for primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2017
Raynaud's phenomenon is a vasospastic disease characterized by digital pallor, cyanosis, and extremity pain. Primary Raynaud's phenomenon is not associated with underlying disease, but secondary Raynaud's phenomenon is associated with connective tissue di - Calcium channel blockers for pulmonary arterial hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Sep-2015
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one of several forms of pulmonary hypertension: a chronic disease of the pulmonary vasculature. The mean age at diagnosis is around 50 years old, with increasing prevalence in people over 70 years old (10% to 17%). - Calcium channel blockers versus other classes of drugs for hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2010
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are a relatively new antihypertensive class. The effect of first-line CCBs on the prevention of cardiovascular events, as compared with other antihypertensive drug classes, is unknown. - Calcium supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2010
Clinical trials have shown that calcium supplementation in children can increase bone mineral density (BMD) although this effect may not be maintained. There has been no quantitative systematic review of this intervention.
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