- Pharmacological interventions for self-harm in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jul-2015
Self-harm (SH; intentional self-poisoning or self-injury) is common, often repeated, and strongly associated with suicide. This is an update of a broader Cochrane review on psychosocial and pharmacological treatments for deliberate SH, first published in - Pharmacological interventions for self-injurious behaviour in adults with intellectual disabilities
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2013
Self-injurious behaviour among people with intellectual disability is relatively common and often persistent. Self-injurious behaviour continues to present a challenge to clinicians. It remains poorly understood and difficult to ameliorate despite advance - Pharmacological interventions for sleepiness and sleep disturbances caused by shift work
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2014
Shift work results in sleep-wake disturbances, which cause sleepiness during night shifts and reduce sleep length and quality in daytime sleep after the night shift. In its serious form it is also called shift work sleep disorder. Various pharmacological - Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2013
Smoking is the leading preventable cause of illness and premature death worldwide. Some medications have been proven to help people to quit, with three licensed for this purpose in Europe and the USA: nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, and var - Pharmacological interventions for somatoform disorders in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Oct-2014
Somatoform disorders are characterised by chronic, medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS). Although different medications are part of treatment routines for people with somatoform disorders in clinics and private practices, there exists no systema - Pharmacological interventions for spasticity following spinal cord injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2009
Spasticity is a major health problem for patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI). It limits their mobility and affects their independence in activities of daily living (ADL) and work. Spasticity may also cause pain, loss of range of motion, contractures, - Pharmacological interventions for the acute management of hyperkalaemia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2015
Hyperkalaemia is a potentially life-threatening electrolyte disturbance which may lead to cardiac arrhythmias and death. Renal replacement therapy is known to be effective in treating hyperkalaemia, but safe and effective pharmacological interventions are - Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of allergic and febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2010
Allergic and febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions (NHTRs) are the two most common forms of transfusion reaction. Pretransfusion medication with anti-inflammatory drugs is used in NHTR prevention, however its efficacy and safety remains unclear. - Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of insufficiency fractures and avascular necrosis associated with pelvic radiotherapy in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2018
Pelvic radiotherapy is a treatment delivered to an estimated 150,000 to 300,000 people annually across high-income countries. Fractures due to normal stresses on weakened bone due to radiotherapy are termed insufficiency fractures. Pelvic radiotherapy-rel - Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of anxiety disorders in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Sep-2011
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterised by inflammation of the airways and destruction of pulmonary tissue with post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC of <0.70 (forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity). Evidence indicates - Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Sep-2019
Although delirium is typically an acute reversible cognitive impairment, its presence is associated with devastating impact on both short-term and long-term outcomes for critically ill patients. Advances in our understanding of the negative impact of deli - Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2018
Studies report that up to 80% of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may struggle with symptoms of depression. However, this major comorbidity in COPD is rarely managed effectively. A number of recent studies indicate that left u - Pharmacological interventions for those who have sexually offended or are at risk of offending
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2015
Sexual offending is a serious social problem, a public health issue, and a major challenge for social policy. Victim surveys indicate high incidence and prevalence levels and it is accepted that there is a high proportion of hidden sexual victimisation. S - Pharmacological interventions for treating acute heterotopic ossification
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Apr-2010
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the formation of mature lamellar bone in soft tissue sites outside the skeleton. HO frequently complicates burns, arthroplasty, fractures, and spinal cord and brain injuries. It can impair joint function. - Pharmacological interventions for treating heart failure in patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2016
Chagas disease-related cardiomyopathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Latin America. Despite the substantial burden to the healthcare system, there is uncertainty regarding the efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for treati - Pharmacological interventions for unilateral spatial neglect after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2015
Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is characterized by the inability to report or respond to people or objects presented on the side contralateral to the lesioned side of the brain and has been associated with poor functional outcomes and long stays in hosp - Pharmacological interventions other than botulinum toxin for spasticity after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2016
The long-term risk of stroke increases with age, and stroke is a common cause of disability in the community. Spasticity is considered a significantly disabling impairment that develops in people who have had a stroke. The burden of care is higher in stro - Pharmacological interventions to decrease blood loss and blood transfusion requirements for liver resection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Aug-2009
Blood loss during liver resection is one of the most important factors affecting the peri-operative outcomes of patients undergoing liver resection. - Pharmacological interventions versus no pharmacological intervention for ischaemia reperfusion injury in liver resection surgery performed under vascular control
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Aug-2009
Vascular occlusion to reduce blood loss is used during elective liver resection but results in significant ischaemia reperfusion injury. This, in turn, might lead to significant postoperative liver dysfunction and morbidity. Various pharmacological drugs - Pharmacological management for agitation and aggression in people with acquired brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Of the many psychiatric symptoms that may result from brain injury, agitation and/or aggression are often the most troublesome. It is therefore important to evaluate the efficacy of psychotropic medication used in its management.
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