- Blood pressure targets for hypertension in older adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2017
Eight out of 10 major antihypertensive trials in older adults attempted to achieve a target systolic blood pressure (BP) less than 160 mmHg. Collectively these trials demonstrated benefit for treatment, as compared to no treatment, for an older adult with - Blood pressure targets for hypertension in people with diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Oct-2013
When treating elevated blood pressure (BP), doctors often want to know what blood pressure target they should try to achieve. The standard blood pressure target in clinical practice for some time has been less than 140 - 160/90 - 100 mmHg for the general - Blood pressure-lowering efficacy of monotherapy with thiazide diuretics for primary hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2014
Hypertension is a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. Although it is established that low-dose thiazides reduce mortality as well as cardiovascular morbidity, the dose-related effect of thiazides in decreasing blood pressure has not been subject to a r - Blood pressure-lowering treatment for preventing recurrent stroke, major vascular events, and dementia in patients with a history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2018
Stroke is an important cause of death and disability worldwide. Since high blood pressure is an important risk factor for stroke and stroke recurrence, drugs that lower blood pressure might play an important role in secondary stroke prevention. - Blunt versus sharp suture needles for preventing percutaneous exposure incidents in surgical staff
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Mar-2016
Surgeons and their assistants are especially at risk of exposure to blood due to glove perforations and needle stick injuries during operations. The use of blunt needles can reduce this risk because they don't penetrate skin easily but still perform suffi - Bone grafts and bone substitutes for treating distal radial fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Mar-2009
Surgical treatment of fractures of the distal radius can involve the implantation of bone scaffolding materials (bone grafts and substitutes) into bony defects that frequently arise after fracture reduction. - Bone marrow versus peripheral blood allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for haematological malignancies in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2014
Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an established treatment option for many malignant and non-malignant disorders. In the past two decades, peripheral blood stem cells replaced bone marrow as stem cell source due to faster - Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) for fracture healing in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2010
Delay in fracture healing is a complex clinical and economic issue for patients and health services. - Bortezomib for the treatment of multiple myeloma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2016
Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of plasma cells accounting for approximately 1% of cancers and 12% of haematological malignancies. The first-in-class proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, is commonly used to treat newly diagnosed as well as relapsed/refracto - Botulinum toxin for masseter hypertrophy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Sep-2013
Benign masseter muscle hypertrophy is an uncommon clinical phenomenon of uncertain aetiology which is characterised by a soft swelling near the angle of the mandible. The swelling may on occasion be associated with facial pain and can be prominent enough - Botulinum toxin for motor and phonic tics in Tourette's syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jan-2018
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, or Tourette’s syndrome, is defined as the presence of both motor and vocal (phonic) tics for more than 12 months, that manifest before the age of 18 years, in the absence of secondary causes. Treatment of motor and phonic t - Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Nov-2010
Recent evidence suggests an anti-nociceptive effect of botulinum toxin. - Botulinum toxin for subacute/chronic neck pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-May-2015
Neck disorders are common, disabling and costly. Botulinum toxin (BoNT) intramuscular injections are often used with the intention of treating neck pain. - Botulinum toxin for upper oesophageal sphincter dysfunction in neurological swallowing disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-May-2014
Adequate upper oesophageal sphincter (UOS) opening is critical to safe and efficient swallowing due to the close proximity of the UOS to the airway entrance. Many people with neurological conditions, progressive and non-progressive, present with UOS dysfu - Botulinum toxin injections for adults with overactive bladder syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2011
Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is a common condition with a significant negative impact on quality of life characterised by urgency with or without urge incontinence, frequency and nocturia. Intravesical botulinum toxin is being increasingly used to t - Botulinum toxin injections for low-back pain and sciatica
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2010
Adequate relief from low-back pain (LBP) is not always possible. Emerging evidence suggests a role for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections in treating pain disorders. Proponents of BoNT suggest its properties can decrease muscle spasms, ischemia and in - Botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Oct-2009
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in Issue 3, 2004 of The Cochrane Library and previously updated in 2007. - Botulinum toxin type A versus anticholinergics for cervical dystonia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2008
Cervical dystonia is the most common form of focal dystonia. It is characterized by involuntary posturing of the head and frequently is associated with neck pain. Disability and social withdrawal are common. Most cases are idiopathic and generally cervica - Botulinum toxin type A versus botulinum toxin type B for cervical dystonia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2016
This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2003. Cervical dystonia is the most common form of focal dystonia and is a disabling disorder characterised by painful involuntary head posturing. There are two available formulations of botulinum - Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jun-2018
Migraine occurs in around 15% of adults and is ranked as the seventh most disabling disease amongst all diseases globally. Despite the available treatments many people suffer prolonged and frequent attacks which have a major impact on their quality of lif
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