- Nicotine for Alzheimer's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jun-2010
Nicotine is a cholinergic agonist that also has a presynaptic effect in releasing acetylcholine. It has been shown to reverse spatial memory deficits produced in rats by lesions in the medial septal nucleus of their brains, and, in aged monkeys, nicotine - Nicotine for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2012
The proportion of people with schizophrenia who smoke is very high, and as a rule, they tend to be heavier smokers when compared to the general population and those with other psychiatric disorders. Nicotine, the psychoactive component in tobacco, is thou - Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-May-2016
Nicotine receptor partial agonists may help people to stop smoking by a combination of maintaining moderate levels of dopamine to counteract withdrawal symptoms (acting as an agonist) and reducing smoking satisfaction (acting as an antagonist). - Nicotine replacement therapy versus control for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-May-2018
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) aims to temporarily replace much of the nicotine from cigarettes to reduce motivation to smoke and nicotine withdrawal symptoms, thus easing the transition from cigarette smoking to complete abstinence. - Nicotine vaccines for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2012
By reducing the amount of nicotine that reaches the brain when a person smokes a cigarette, nicotine vaccines may help people to stop smoking or to prevent recent quitters from relapsing. - Nidotherapy for people with schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Apr-2013
Nidotherapy is a therapeutic method that principally aims to modify the environment of people with schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses, whilst working in conjunction with, or alongside other treatments. Rather than focusing on direct treatmen - Nifedipine for primary dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2021
Dysmenorrhoea (period pain) is a common condition with a substantial impact on the well-being and productivity of women. Primary dysmenorrhoea is defined as recurrent, cramping pelvic pain that occurs with periods, in the presence of a normal uterus, ovar - Nimodipine for primary degenerative, mixed and vascular dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2002
Dementia is an age-associated syndrome most commonly due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and/or cerebrovascular disease. - Nipple‐ and areola‐sparing mastectomy for the treatment of breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2016
The efficacy and safety of nipple-sparing mastectomy and areola-sparing mastectomy for the treatment of breast cancer are still questionable. It is estimated that the local recurrence rates following nipple-sparing mastectomy are very similar to breast-co - Nitazoxanide for chronic hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2014
Hepatitis C infection is a disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus. The estimated number of chronically infected people with hepatitis C virus worldwide is about 150 million people. Every year, another three to four million people acquire the - Nitrates for achalasia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Achalasia is a disease that impairs oesophageal motility. Although nitrates have been used to treat achalasia for a long time, the effectiveness of nitrates for achalasia is still controversial. Newer therapies have to some extent superceded the use of ni - Nitrates for acute heart failure syndromes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2013
Current drug therapy for acute heart failure syndromes (AHFS) consists mainly of diuretics supplemented by vasodilators or inotropes. Nitrates have been used as vasodilators in AHFS for many years and have been shown to improve some aspects of AHFS in som - Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2016
Cardiac complications are not uncommon in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery, especially in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or at high risk of CAD. Perioperative cardiac complications can lead to mortality and morbidity, as well as higher - Nitric oxide donors (nitrates), L‐arginine, or nitric oxide synthase inhibitors for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2017
Nitric oxide (NO) has multiple effects that may be beneficial in acute stroke, including lowering blood pressure, and promoting reperfusion and cytoprotection. Some forms of nitric oxide synthase inhibition (NOS-I) may also be beneficial. However, high co - Nitric oxide donors for cervical ripening and induction of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Dec-2016
Sometimes it is necessary to bring on labour artificially because of safety concerns for the mother or baby. This review is one of a series of reviews of methods of labour induction using a standardised protocol. - Nitric oxide donors for cervical ripening in first‐trimester surgical abortion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2015
Cervical priming before first-trimester surgical abortion is recommended in certain groups of women. Nitric oxide (NO) donors induce cervical ripening without uterine contractions, but the efficacy and side effects are of concern. - Nitric oxide donors for treating preterm labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2014
A number of tocolytics have been advocated for the treatment of threatened preterm labour in order to delay birth. The rationale is that a delay in birth may be associated with improved neonatal morbidity or mortality. Nitric oxide donors, such as nitrogl - Nitric oxide for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jan-2010
Pre-eclampsia, a multisystem disorder of pregnancy characterised by high blood pressure and protein in the urine, is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Nitric oxide mediates many functions of the endothelium, including vasodilatation and inhibition - Nitric oxide for respiratory failure in infants born at or near term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jan-2017
Nitric oxide (NO) is a major endogenous regulator of vascular tone. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) gas has been investigated as treatment for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. - Nitroglycerin for management of retained placenta
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2015
Retained placenta affects 0.5% to 3% of women following delivery, with considerable morbidity if left untreated. Use of nitroglycerin (NTG), either alone or in combination with uterotonics, may be of value to minimise the need for manual removal of the pl
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