- Maternal position during caesarean section for preventing maternal and neonatal complications
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2013
During caesarean section mothers can be in different positions. Theatre tables could be tilted laterally, upwards, downwards or flexed and wedges or cushions could be used. There is no consensus on the best positioning at present. - Maternal position in the second stage of labour for women with epidural anaesthesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2018
Epidural analgesia in labour prolongs the second stage and increases instrumental delivery. It has been suggested that a more upright maternal position during all or part of the second stage may counteract these adverse effects. This is an update of a Coc - Maternal positions and mobility during first stage labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Sep-2013
It is more common for women in both high- and low-income countries giving birth in health facilities, to labour in bed. There is no evidence that this is associated with any advantage for women or babies, although it may be more convenient for staff. Obse - Maternal prenatal and/or postnatal n‐3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) supplementation for preventing allergies in early childhood
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2015
Allergies have become more prevalent globally over the last 20 years. Dietary consumption of n-3 (or omega 3) long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) has declined over the same period of time. This, together with the known role of n-3 LCPUFA in in - Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2018
Inflammation may contribute to preterm birth and to morbidity of preterm infants. Preterm infants are at risk for alterations in the normal protective microbiome. Oral probiotics administered directly to preterm infants have been shown to decrease the ris - Maternity waiting facilities for improving maternal and neonatal outcome in low‐resource countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
A maternity waiting home (MWH) is a facility within easy reach of a hospital or health centre which provides emergency obstetric care (EmOC). Women may stay in the MWH at the end of their pregnancy and await labour. Once labour starts, women move to the h - Maxillary distraction osteogenesis versus orthognathic surgery for cleft lip and palate patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2018
Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common birth defects and can cause difficulties with feeding, speech and hearing, as well as psychosocial problems. Treatment of orofacial clefts is prolonged; it typically commences after birth and lasts until the - Maximal androgen blockade for advanced prostate cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2011
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men. Long standing observations have found prostate cancer responsive to androgen suppression. The primary approach to androgen suppression for men with advanced disease (cancer that has sprea - Means restriction for the prevention of suicide by jumping
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2020
Jumping from a height is an uncommon but lethal means of suicide. Restricting access to means is an important universal or population-based approach to suicide prevention with clear evidence of its effectiveness. However, the evidence with respect to mean - Means restriction for the prevention of suicide on roads
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Sep-2020
Road traffic suicides are common. However, due to the difficulty in distinguishing between motor vehicle crash fatalities and actual suicides, no official figures exist for this method of suicide. Restricting access to means is an important universal or p - Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jan-2022
In response to the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), governments have implemented a variety of measures to control the spread of the virus and the associated disea - Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic: a rapid scoping review
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Dec-2020
In response to the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and the impact of COVID-19, national and subnational governments implemented a variety of measures in order to control the spread of the virus and the associated disease. While these measures were imposed with the i - Mecamylamine (a nicotine antagonist) for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-1998
Mecamylamine is a nicotine antagonist (that is, it blocks the effect of nicotine). The rationale for its use in smoking cessation is that it may block the rewarding effect of nicotine and thus reduce the urge to smoke. - Mechanical and surgical interventions for treating primary postpartum haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Jul-2020
Primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is commonly defined as bleeding from the genital tract of 500 mL or more within 24 hours of birth. It is one of the most common causes of maternal mortality worldwide and causes significant physical and psychological m - Mechanical assist devices for acute cardiogenic shock
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jun-2020
Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a state of critical end-organ hypoperfusion due to a primary cardiac disorder. For people with refractory CS despite maximal vasopressors, inotropic support and intra-aortic balloon pump, mortality approaches 100%. Mechanical ass - Mechanical bowel preparation for elective colorectal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2011
The presence of bowel contents during colorectal surgery has been related to anastomotic leakage, but the belief that mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) is an efficient agent against leakage and infectious complications is based on observational data and - Mechanical devices for urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Dec-2014
Incontinence can have a devastating effect on the lives of sufferers with significant economic implications. Non-surgical treatments such as pelvic floor muscle training and the use of mechanical devices are usually the first line of management, particula - Mechanical dilatation of the cervix during elective caesarean section before the onset of labour for reducing postoperative morbidity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2018
During elective (planned) caesarean sections, some obstetricians routinely dilate the cervix intraoperatively, using sponge forceps, a finger, or other instruments, because the cervix of women not in labour may not be dilated, and this may cause obstructi - Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation for people with neuromuscular disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Dec-2013
People with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) may have weak respiratory (breathing) muscles which makes it difficult for them to effectively cough and clear mucus from the lungs. This places them at risk of recurrent chest infections and chronic lung disease - Mechanical methods for induction of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2019
Mechanical methods were the first methods developed to ripen the cervix and induce labour. During recent decades they have been substituted by pharmacological methods. Potential advantages of mechanical methods, compared with pharmacological methods may i
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