- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are syndromes of severe respiratory failure that are associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. Artifical ventilatory support is commonly required and may exacerbate lung inj - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Initial goal-directed resuscitation for hypotensive shock usually includes administration of intravenous fluids, followed by initiation of vasopressors. Despite obvious immediate effects of vasopressors on haemodynamics, their effect on patient-relevant o - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of stroke, myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure. Methyldopa is a centrally acting antihypertensive agent, which was commonly used in the 1970's and 80's for blood pressure control. Its use at - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
As estrogens have been shown to have several potentially beneficial effects on the central nervous system, it is biologically plausible that maintaining high levels of estrogens in postmenopausal women by means of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) could - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
People with sickle cell disease are particularly susceptible to pneumococcal infection, which may be fatal. Infants (children aged up to 23 months) are at particularly high risk, but conventional polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccines may be ineffective in - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Turner syndrome (TS) affects about one in 1500 to 2500 live-born females. One of the most prevalent and salient features of the syndrome is extremely short stature. Untreated women are approximately 20 to 21 cm shorter than normal women within their respe - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
In some people with asthma, expiratory airflow limitation, premature closure of small airways, activity of inspiratory muscles at the end of expiration and reduced pulmonary compliance may lead to lung hyperinflation. With the increase in lung volume, che - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Both long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have been recommended in guidelines for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Their coadministration in a combination inhaler may facilitate adherence to med - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Selective beta-adrenergic agonists for use in asthma are: short acting (2 to 6 hours) and long acting (> 12 hours). There has been little controversy about using short acting beta-agonists intermittently, but long acting beta-agonists are used regularly, - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Oral theophylline has, for many years, been used as a bronchodilator in patients with COPD. Despite the introduction of new drugs, and its narrow therapeutic index, theophylline is still recommended for COPD treatment. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Interleukin 2 receptor antagonists (IL2Ra) are used as induction therapy for prophylaxis against acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Use of IL2Ra has increased steadily since their introduction, but the proportion of new transplant recipients - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common disorder for which several surgical treatment options are available. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Strength training or aerobic exercise programmes, or both, might optimise muscle and cardiorespiratory function and prevent additional disuse atrophy and deconditioning in people with a muscle disease. This is an update of a review first published in 2004 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Paclitaxel has become a standard drug used in a number of common cancers. At first long infusions were used to reduce the rate of inflow of the drug and as a result reduce the occurrence of hypersensitivity types of allergic reactions. Trials with shorter - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Trials on the effect of systemic chemotherapy on survival and recurrence in adults with high-grade glioma have had inconclusive results. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of such treatment on survival and recurrence. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
The pattern of infections among neutropenic patients with cancer has shifted in the last decades to a predominance of gram-positive infections. Some of these gram-positive bacteria are increasingly resistant to beta-lactams and necessitate specific antibi - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Although endometrial adenocarcinoma is a common gynaecological cancer, a comparatively small proportion of patients present with, or develop, recurrent or advanced disease. However, for those women whose disease does progress or recur the prognosis is poo - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Newborn animal studies and pilot studies in humans suggest that mild hypothermia following peripartum hypoxia-ischaemia in newborn infants may reduce neurological sequelae without adverse effects. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
The purpose of low-vision rehabilitation is to allow people to resume or to continue to perform daily living tasks, with reading being one of the most important. This is achieved by providing appropriate optical devices and special training in the use of - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Surgery performed to improve or replace the function of the diseased urinary bladder has been carried out for over a century. Main reasons for improving or replacing the function of the urinary bladder are bladder cancer, neurogenic bladder dysfunction, d
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