- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Stimulus deprivation amblyopia (SDA) develops due to an obstruction to the passage of light secondary to a condition such as cataract. The obstruction prevents formation of a clear image on the retina. SDA can be resistant to treatment, leading to poor vi - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of uncorrectable severe vision loss in people aged 55 years and older in the developed world. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to AMD accounts for most cases of AMD-related severe - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Bupivacaine is an amide local anaesthetic used in hyperbaric and isobaric forms. These are administered intrathecally into the spine to provide regional anaesthesia for caesarean section. Several trials have compared hyperbaric and isobaric bupivacaine bu - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Nutritional support in the critically ill child has not been well investigated and is a controversial topic within paediatric intensive care. There are no clear guidelines as to the best form or timing of nutrition in critically ill infants and children. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Health services often manage agitated or violent people, and such behaviour is particularly prevalent in emergency psychiatric services (10%). The drugs used in such situations should ensure that the person becomes calm swiftly and safely. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Schizophrenia has a lifetime prevalence of less than one per cent. Studies have indicated that early symptoms that are idiosyncratic to the person with schizophrenia (early warning signs) often precede acute psychotic relapse. Early warning signs interven - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Oral leukoplakia is a relatively common oral lesion that, in a small proportion of people, precedes the development of oral cancer. Most leukoplakias are asymptomatic; therefore, the primary objective of treatment should be to prevent onset of cancer. Thi - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Dental sealants were introduced in the 1960s to help prevent dental caries, mainly in the pits and fissures of occlusal tooth surfaces. Sealants act to prevent bacteria growth that can lead to dental decay. Evidence suggests that fissure sealants are effe - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Acute cough due to upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is a common symptom. Non-prescription, over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are frequently recommended as a first-line treatment, but there is little evidence as to whether these drugs are effective. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
The prevention of varicella (chickenpox) using live attenuated varicella vaccines has been demonstrated both in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and in population-based immunisation programmes in countries such as the United States and Australia. Many - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an abnormal ballooning of the major abdominal artery. Some AAAs present as emergencies and require surgery; others remain asymptomatic. Treatment of asymptomatic AAAs depends on many factors, but the size of the aneur - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
It is estimated that up to 1% of people in high-income countries suffer from a leg ulcer at some time in their life. The majority of leg ulcers are associated with circulation problems; poor blood return in the veins causes venous ulcers (around 70% of ul - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Active management of the third stage of labour reduces the risk of postpartum blood loss (postpartum haemorrhage (PPH)), and is defined as administration of a prophylactic uterotonic, early umbilical cord clamping and controlled cord traction to facilitat - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common emergency involving the gastrointestinal tract occurring in the neonatal period. There have been published reports that suggest that oral immunoglobulins (Ig)A and IgG produce an immunoprotective effect i - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Lung disease in preterm infants is often complicated with lung edema. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Milk feedings can be given via nasogastric tube either intermittently, typically over 10 to 20 minutes every two or three hours, or continuously, using an infusion pump. Although theoretical benefits and risks of each method have been proposed, effects on - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Carpal tunnel syndrome results from entrapment of the median nerve in the wrist. Common symptoms are tingling, numbness, and pain in the hand that may radiate to the forearm or shoulder. Most symptomatic cases are treated non-surgically. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a clinical syndrome manifested by signs and symptoms of irritation of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Local corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome has been studied but its effectiveness is unknown - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Surgery has been the treatment of choice for patients with localized esophageal cancer. Several studies have investigated whether preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery leads to improvement in cure rates, but individual reports have provided confli - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Multiple risk factor interventions using counselling and educational methods assumed to be efficacious and cost-effective in reducing coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality and morbidity and that they should be expanded. Trials examining risk factor chang
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