- Long‐term neurocognitive and other side effects of radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, for glioma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2019
Gliomas are brain tumours arising from glial cells with an annual incidence of 4 to 11 people per 100,000. In this review we focus on gliomas with low aggressive potential in the short term, i.e. low-grade gliomas. Most people with low-grade gliomas are t - Long‐term non‐pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with prediabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Most persons with prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose) are overweight, and obesity worsens the metabolic and physiologic abnormalities associated with this condition. Prediabetes is an important risk factor for the developm - Long‐term non‐pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Most persons with type 2 diabetes are overweight and obesity worsens the metabolic and physiologic abnormalities associated with diabetes. - Long‐term opioid management for chronic noncancer pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) is controversial due to concerns regarding long-term effectiveness and safety, particularly the risk of tolerance, dependence, or abuse. - Long-term pharmacotherapy for obesity and overweight
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2008
Obesity is a highly and increasingly prevalent chronic condition for which drugs are commonly prescribed to improve health. - Long‐term pituitary down‐regulation before in vitro fertilization (IVF) for women with endometriosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2006
Women with endometriosis who are treated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) have a lower pregnancy rate compared to women with tubal factor infertility. It has been suggested that the administration of gonadotroph - Long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and the development of gastric pre-malignant lesions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Dec-2014
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective drugs to reduce gastric acid secretion. PPIs are one of the most commonly prescribed classes of medications worldwide. Apart from short-term application, maintenance therapy with PPIs is recommended and - Long‐term results of laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2008
Although minimally invasive surgery has been accepted for a variety of disorders, laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer is performed by few. Concern about oncological radicality and long term outcome has limited the adoption of laparoscopic surgery - Loop diuretics for patients receiving blood transfusions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2015
Blood transfusions are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Prophylactic administration of loop diuretics (furosemide, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid, or torsemide) is common practice, especially among people who are at risk for circulatory o - L‐ornithine L‐aspartate for prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-May-2018
Hepatic encephalopathy is a common complication of cirrhosis and has high associated morbidity and mortality. The condition is classified as overt if it is clinically apparent or minimal if only evident though psychometric testing. The exact pathogenesis - Losigamone add‐on therapy for focal epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Dec-2019
Epilepsy is a common neurologic disorder, affecting approximately 50 million people worldwide; nearly a third of these people have epilepsy that is not well controlled by a single antiepileptic drug (AED) and they usually require treatment with a combinat - Low bacterial diet versus control diet to prevent infection in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy causing episodes of neutropenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2019
Neutropenia is a potentially serious side effect of chemotherapy and a major risk factor for infection, which can be life-threatening. It has been hypothesised that a low bacterial diet (LBD) can prevent infection and (infection-related) mortality in canc - Low dialysate sodium levels for chronic haemodialysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2019
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of death in dialysis patients, and strongly associated with fluid overload and hypertension. It is plausible that low dialysate [Na+] may decrease total body sodium content, thereby reducing fluid overload - Low dosage tricyclic antidepressants for depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
Tricyclic antidepressants are still extensively prescribed worldwide. Evidence for the recommended dosage of tricyclics, however, is poor. - Low dose naltrexone for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2018
Crohn’s disease is a transmural, relapsing inflammatory condition afflicting the digestive tract. Opioid signalling, long known to affect secretion and motility in the gut, has been implicated in the inflammatory cascade of Crohn’s disease. Low dose naltr - Low dose versus high dose stavudine for treating people with HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jan-2015
Stavudine remains a component of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-constrained countries due to its relatively low cost despite the WHO recommendation for its phasing out as a strategy to reduce stavudine associated toxicities. Where st - Low glycaemic index diets for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2017
The glycaemic index (GI) is a physiological measure of the ability of a carbohydrate to affect blood glucose. Interest is growing in this area for the clinical management of people at risk of, or with, established cardiovascular disease. There is a need t - Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for overweight and obesity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
Obesity is increasingly prevalent, yet the nutritional management remains contentious. It has been suggested that low glycaemic index or load diets may stimulate greater weight loss than higher glycaemic index or load diets or other weight reduction diets - Low glycaemic index, or low glycaemic load, diets for diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2009
The aim of diabetes management is to normalise blood glucose levels, since improved blood glucose control is associated with reduction in development, and progression, of complications. Nutritional factors affect blood glucose levels, however there is cur - Low level laser therapy (Classes I, II and III) for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects a large proportion of the population. Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) was introduced as an alternative non-invasive treatment for RA about ten years ago. LLLT is a light source that generates extremely pure light, of a sin
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