- Magnetic resonance perfusion for differentiating low‐grade from high‐grade gliomas at first presentation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2018
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumour. They are graded using the WHO classification system, with Grade II-IV astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas. Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are WHO Grade II infiltrative brain tumours that typic - Magnification devices for endodontic therapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jan-2016
After the introduction of microsurgical principles in endodontics involving new techniques for root canal treatment, there has been a drive to enhance the visualisation of the surgical field. It is important to know if the technical advantages for the ope - Mailuoning for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jan-2015
Mailuoning is widely used in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in China. Animal experimental studies and clinical pharmacological research indicate that mailuoning might improve blood circulation, prevent ischaemic injury, and protect heart and brai - Maintenance agonist treatments for opiate‐dependent pregnant women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
The prevalence of opiate use among pregnant women can range from 1% to 2% to as high as 21%. Just in the United States alone, among pregnant women with hospital delivery, a fourfold increase in opioid use is reported from 1999 to 2014 (Haight 2018). Heroi - Maintenance chemotherapy for ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
This review is an update of a previously published review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2010, Issue 9 and 2013, Issue 6). Epithelial ovarian cancer accounts for about 90% of all cases of ovarian cancer. Debulking surgery and six courses - Maintenance immunosuppression for adults undergoing liver transplantation: a network meta-analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Oct-2017
As part of liver transplantation, immunosuppression (suppressing the host immunity) is given to prevent graft rejections resulting from the immune response of the body against transplanted organ or tissues from a different person whose tissue antigens are - Maintenance therapy with calcium channel blockers for preventing preterm birth after threatened preterm labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2013
Calcium channel blocker maintenance therapy is one of the types of tocolytic therapy that may be used after an episode of threatened preterm labour (and usually an initial dose of tocolytic therapy) in an attempt to prevent the onset of further preterm co - Maintenance therapy with oxytocin antagonists for inhibiting preterm birth after threatened preterm labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Oct-2013
In some women, an episode of preterm labour settles and does not result in immediate preterm birth. Subsequent treatment with tocolytic agents such as oxytocin receptor antagonists may then have the potential to prevent the recurrence of preterm labour, p - Maintenance treatment with antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
The symptoms and signs of schizophrenia have been linked to high levels of dopamine in specific areas of the brain (limbic system). Antipsychotic drugs block the transmission of dopamine in the brain and reduce the acute symptoms of the disorder. An origi - Maintenance treatments for opiate ‐dependent adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2014
The scientific literature examining effective treatments for opioid-dependent adults clearly indicates that pharmacotherapy is a necessary and acceptable component. Nevertheless, no reviews have been published that systematically assess the effectiveness - Malaria chemoprophylaxis in sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
Malaria is the most common precipitating cause of crises in sickle cell disease in malaria-endemic countries. Health professionals often recommend life-long malaria chemoprophylaxis for people with sickle cell disease living in these areas. It is therefor - Male circumcision for prevention of heterosexual acquisition of HIV in men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2013
Male circumcision is defined as the surgical removal of all or part of the foreskin of the penis and may be practiced as part of a religious ritual, as a medical procedure, or as part of a traditional ritual performed as an initiation into manhood. Since - Male circumcision for prevention of homosexual acquisition of HIV in men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2011
Previous systematic reviews found inconsistent effects of male circumcision on HIV acquisition in men who have sex with men (MSM). However, a number of new studies have become available in the three years since the last systematic review. - Male involvement for increasing the effectiveness of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) programmes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2012
Despite efforts to increase the uptake of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services, coverage is still lower than desired in developing countries. A lack of male partner involvement in PMTCT services is a major barrier for women t - Mammography in combination with breast ultrasonography versus mammography for breast cancer screening in women at average risk
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Mar-2013
Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease diagnosed in women worldwide. Screening with mammography has the ability to detect breast cancer at an early stage. The diagnostic accuracy of mammography screening largely depends on the radiographic den - Managed alcohol as a harm reduction intervention for alcohol addiction in populations at high risk for substance abuse
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2012
Managed alcohol programmes (MAP) are a harm reduction strategy used to minimise the personal harm and adverse societal effects that alcohol dependence can lead to by providing an alternative to zero-tolerance approaches that incorporate drinking goals (ab - Management for intussusception in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-May-2017
Intussusception is a common abdominal emergency in children with significant morbidity. Prompt diagnosis and management reduces associated risks and the need for surgical intervention. Despite widespread agreement on the use of contrast enema as opposed t - Management of drainage for malignant ascites in gynaecological cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Dec-2019
Ascites is the accumulation of fluid within the abdominal cavity. Most women with advanced ovarian cancer and some women with advanced endometrial cancer need repeated drainage for ascites. Guidelines to advise those involved in the drainage of ascites ar - Management of faecal incontinence and constipation in adults with central neurological diseases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jan-2014
People with central neurological disease or injury have a much higher risk of both faecal incontinence and constipation than the general population. There is often a fine line between the two symptoms, with any management intended to ameliorate one riskin - Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2019
The gag reflex is an involuntary defence mechanism to protect the pharynx and throat from foreign objects. Gagging is a common problem encountered during dental treatment, making therapeutic procedures distressing and often difficult or even impossible to
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