- Laser-assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jul-2016
Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world, and cataract surgery is one of the most commonly performed operations in the Western world. Preferred surgical techniques have changed dramatically over the past half century with associated improve - Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) versus photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2013
Myopia (also known as short-sightedness or near-sightedness) is an ocular condition in which the refractive power of the eye is greater than is required, resulting in light from distant objects being focused in front of the retina instead of directly on i - Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical microkeratome compared to LASIK with a femtosecond laser for LASIK in adults with myopia or myopic astigmatism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Apr-2020
Laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is a surgical procedure that corrects refractive errors. This technique creates a flap of the outermost parts of the cornea (epithelium, bowman layer, and anterior stroma) to expose the middle part of the corn - Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for correcting myopia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2017
Near-sightedness, or myopia, is a condition in which light rays entering the eye along the visual axis focus in front of the retina, resulting in blurred vision. Myopia can be treated with spectacles, contact lenses, or refractive surgery. Options for ref - Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for correction of myopia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Feb-2016
Myopia (near-sightedness or short-sightedness) is a condition in which the refractive power of the eye is greater than required. The most frequent complaint of people with myopia is blurred distance vision, which can be eliminated by conventional optical - Lasers for caries removal in deciduous and permanent teeth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2016
Despite considerable improvements in oral health, dental caries continue to be a public health issue. The most frequently used, and universally accepted technique, to remove caries is through mechanical ablation of decayed tissues by means of rotating dri - Lasers or light sources for treating port-wine stains
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2011
Port-wine stains are birthmarks caused by malformations of blood vessels in the skin. Port-wine stains manifest themselves in infancy as a flat, red mark and do not regress spontaneously but may, if untreated, become darker and thicker in adult life. The - Late (≥ 7 days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2021
Many infants born preterm develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), with lung inflammation playing a role. Corticosteroids have powerful anti-inflammatory effects and have been used to treat individuals with established BPD. However, it is unclear whether - Late erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents to prevent red blood cell transfusion in preterm or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jan-2020
Preterm infants have low plasma levels of erythropoietin (EPO), providing a rationale for the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) to prevent or treat anaemia. Darbepoetin (Darbe) and EPO are currently available ESAs. - Late versus early surgical correction for congenital diaphragmatic hernia in newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2000
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, although rare (1 per 2-4,000 births), is associated with high mortality and cost. Opinion regarding the timing of surgical repair has gradually shifted from emergent repair to a policy of stabilization using a variety of v - Later school start times for supporting the education, health, and well‐being of high school students
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jul-2017
A number of school systems worldwide have proposed and implemented later school start times as a means of avoiding the potentially negative impacts that early morning schedules can have on adolescent students. Even mild sleep deprivation has been associat - Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2019
The lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan (LF-LAM) assay Alere Determine™ TB LAM Ag is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to help detect active tuberculosis in HIV-positive people with severe HIV disease. This review update asks the questio - Lateral pararectal versus transrectal stoma placement for prevention of parastomal herniation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Apr-2019
A parastomal hernia is defined as an incisional hernia related to a stoma, and belongs to the most common stoma-related complications. Many factors, which are considered to influence the incidence of parastomal herniation, have been investigated. However, - Lateral positioning for critically ill adult patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2016
Critically ill patients require regular body position changes to minimize the adverse effects of bed rest, inactivity and immobilization. However, uncertainty surrounds the effectiveness of lateral positioning for improving pulmonary gas exchange, aiding - Lateral tilt for caesarean section
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2010
When pregnant women near term lie in the supine position the uterus can compress the inferior vena cava, interfering with venous return to the heart. This can result in hypotension, reduced placental perfusion and decreased fetal oxygenation. - Latrepirdine for Alzheimer's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2015
Current treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) provide modest symptomatic relief but do not slow the progression of the disease. Latrepirdine may modulate several targets involved in AD pathology, including lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial permeability, - Laxatives for the management of constipation in people receiving palliative care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2015
This article describes the second update of a Cochrane review on the effectiveness of laxatives for the management of constipation in people receiving palliative care. Previous versions were published in 2006 and 2010 where we also evaluated trials of met - Laxatives for the treatment of hemorrhoids.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
Symptomatic hemorrhoids are a common medical condition, which increase in prevalence in women during pregnancy and postpartum. Although the evidence appears to be inconclusive, narrative reviews and clinical practice guidelines recommend the use of laxati - Lay health workers in primary and community health care for maternal and child health and the management of infectious diseases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
Lay health workers (LHWs) are widely used to provide care for a broad range of health issues. Little is known, however, about the effectiveness of LHW interventions. - Lay‐led and peer support interventions for adolescents with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2017
Adolescents with asthma are at high risk of poor adherence with treatment. This may be compounded by activities that worsen asthma, in particular smoking. Additional support above and beyond routine care has the potential to encourage good self-management
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