- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
It is unclear whether people with type 2 diabetes mellitus on insulin monotherapy who do not achieve adequate glycaemic control should continue insulin as monotherapy or can benefit from adding oral glucose-lowering agents to the insulin therapy. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
This is an update of a Cochrane review previously published in 2008. Smoking increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis but also acute thrombotic events. Quitting smoking is potentially the most effective secondary prevention measure and improves pr - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
People with intermittent claudication (IC) suffer from pain in the muscles of the leg occurring during exercise which is relieved by a short period of rest. Symptomatic relief can be achieved by (supervised) exercise therapy and pharmacological treatments - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Crohn's disease may be refractory to conventional treatments including corticosteroids and immunosuppressives. Recent studies suggest TNF-a blocking agents may be effective in maintaining remission in Crohn's disease. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Central venous catheters (CVC) continue to play a prominent role in haemodialysis vascular access with 46% to 70% of patients commencing haemodialysis via a CVC. CVC access is associated with catheter-related infections, increased patient hospitalisations - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Probiotics may improve a person's health by regulating their immune function. Some trials have shown that probiotic strains can prevent respiratory infections. Even though the previous version of our review showed benefits of probiotics for acute upper re - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Many different drugs have been suggested for the symptomatic treatment of primary Raynaud's phenomenon. Apart from calcium channel blockers, which are considered the drugs of choice, the evidence of the effects of alternative pharmacological treatments is - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has several treatment options, including angioplasty, stenting, exercise therapy, and bypass surgery. Atherectomy is an alternative procedure, in which atheroma is cut or ground away within the artery. This is - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Immobilization of the lower limb is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are anticoagulants, which might be used in adult patients with lower-limb immobilization to prevent deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Progressive lung damage from recurrent exacerbations is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in cystic fibrosis. Life expectancy of people with cystic fibrosis has increased dramatically in the last 40 years. One of the major reasons for this increa - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Macular oedema (MO) is the accumulation of extracellular fluid in the central retina (the macula). It may occur after cataract surgery and may give rise to poor visual outcome, with reduced visual acuity and distortion of the central vision. MO is often s - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review, published in 2009, Issue 2. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Inborn errors of metabolism are genetic conditions which can lead to abnormalities in the synthesis and metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, or fats. It has been proposed that in some instances carnitine supplementation should be provided to infants wit - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
It has been postulated that monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors alter disease progression in Parkinson's disease (PD) but trials have produced conflicting results. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Anderson-Fabry disease is an X-linked defect of glycosphingolipid metabolism. Progressive renal insufficiency is a major source of morbidity, additional complications result from cardio- and cerebro-vascular involvement. Survival is reduced among affected - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Recruitment manoeuvres involve transient elevations in airway pressure applied during mechanical ventilation to open (‘recruit’) collapsed lung units and increase the number of alveoli participating in tidal ventilation. Recruitment manoeuvres are often u - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Most vaginal births are associated with trauma to the genital tract. The morbidity associated with perineal trauma can be significant, especially when it comes to third- and fourth-degree tears. Different interventions including perineal massage, warm or - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of conditions involving progressive damage to the optic nerve, deterioration of retinal ganglion cells, and ultimately visual field loss. It is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Open angle glaucoma (OAG), the most c - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Traumatic dental injuries are common. One of the most severe injuries is when a permanent tooth is knocked completely out of the mouth (avulsed). In most circumstances the tooth should be replanted as quickly as possible. There is uncertainty on which int - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Low vision rehabilitation aims to optimise the use of residual vision after severe vision loss, but also aims to teach skills in order to improve visual functioning in daily life. Other aims include helping people to adapt to permanent vision loss and imp
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