- Anti‐angiogenic therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2009
Angiogenesis inhibitors have been developed to block tumour angiogenesis and target vascular endothelial cells. While some of them have already been approved by the health authorities and are successfully integrated into patient care, many others are stil - Anti‐angiogenic therapy for high‐grade glioma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Nov-2018
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in September 2014. The most common primary brain tumours in adults are gliomas. Gliomas span a spectrum from low to high grade and are graded pathologically on a scale of one to four acc - Antiangiogenic therapy with interferon alfa for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jul-2010
Antiangiogenic therapy is a new approach to the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Interferon alfa is one antiangiogenic agent thought to function by inhibiting the migration and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. It has - Antiarrhythmics for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Sep-2019
Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent sustained arrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation often recurs after restoration of normal sinus rhythm. Antiarrhythmic drugs have been widely used to prevent recurrence. This is an update of a review previously published - Antibacterial agents in composite restorations for the prevention of dental caries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Mar-2014
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease in which the fermentation of food sugars by bacteria from the biofilm (dental plaque) leads to localised demineralisation of tooth surfaces, which may ultimately result in cavity formation. Resin composites are wi - Antibiotic adjuvant therapy for pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Cystic fibrosis is a multi-system disease characterised by the production of thick secretions causing recurrent pulmonary infection, often with unusual bacteria. This leads to lung destruction and eventually death through respiratory failure. There are no - Antibiotic and other lock treatments for tunnelled central venous catheter-related infections in children with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jun-2013
The risk of developing a tunnelled central venous catheter (CVC)-related infection ranges between 0.1 and 2.3 per 1000 catheter days for children with cancer. These infections are difficult to treat with systemic antibiotics (salvage rate 24% - 66%) due t - Antibiotic duration for treating uncomplicated, symptomatic lower urinary tract infections in elderly women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-May-2008
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common in elderly patients. Authors of non systematic literature reviews often recommend longer treatment durations (7 to 14 days) for older women, but the evidence for such recommendations is unclear. - Antibiotic lock for the prevention of catheter-related infection in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jun-2015
Use of a central venous catheter (CVC) in neonates is associated with an increase in nosocomial infection. Numerous strategies exist to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI); however, CRBSI continues to be a major problem. Antibiotic lock - Antibiotic prophylaxis during the second and third trimester to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes and morbidity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jun-2015
Several studies have suggested that prophylactic antibiotics given during pregnancy improved maternal and perinatal outcomes, while others have shown no benefit and some have reported adverse effects. - Antibiotic prophylaxis for bacterial infections in afebrile neutropenic patients following chemotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2018
Bacterial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who are neutropenic following chemotherapy for malignancy. Trials have shown the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the incidence of bacterial infections but not in - Antibiotic prophylaxis for cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2010
Bacterial infections are a frequent complication in patients with cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Antibiotic prophylaxis seems to decrease the incidence of bacterial infections. Oral antibiotics, active against enteric bacteria, have been c - Antibiotic prophylaxis for elective hysterectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2019
Elective hysterectomy is commonly performed for benign gynaecological conditions. Hysterectomy can be performed abdominally, laparoscopically, or vaginally, with or without laparoscopic assistance. Antibiotic prophylaxis consists of administration of anti - Antibiotic prophylaxis for episiotomy repair following vaginal birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2017
Bacterial infections occurring during labour, childbirth, and the puerperium may be associated with considerable maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Antibiotic prophylaxis might reduce wound infection incidence after an episiotomy, particularl - Antibiotic prophylaxis for intrauterine contraceptive device insertion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Apr-2012
Concern about the risk of upper genital tract infection (pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)) often limits use of the intrauterine device (IUD), a highly effective contraceptive. Prophylactic antibiotic administration around the time of induced abortion sig - Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-May-2009
Leptospira infection is a global zoonosis with significant health impact for agricultural workers and those persons whose work or recreation takes them into endemic areas. - Antibiotic prophylaxis for mammalian bites
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2008
Bites by mammals are a common problem and they account for up to 1% of all visits to hospital emergency rooms. Dog and cat bites are the most common and people are usually bitten by their own pets or by an animal known to them. School-age children make up - Antibiotic prophylaxis for operative vaginal delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Mar-2020
Vacuum and forceps assisted vaginal deliveries are reported to increase the incidence of postpartum infections and maternal readmission to hospital compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery. Prophylactic antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent these infec - Antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing elective endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Sep-2010
The use of prophylactic antibiotics before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is recommended by all major international gastroenterological societies, especially in the presence of an obstructed biliary system. Their use is intended to - Antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2010
Cholecystectomy is a common surgical procedure. In the open cholecystectomy area, antibiotic prophylaxis showed beneficial effects, but it is not known if its benefits and harms are similar in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Some clinical trials suggest tha
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