- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Perineal trauma following vaginal birth can be associated with significant short-term and long-term morbidity. Antenatal perineal massage has been proposed as one method of decreasing the incidence of perineal trauma. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
One to eight per cent of women suffer third-degree perineal tear (anal sphincter injury) and fourth-degree perineal tear (rectal mucosa injury) during vaginal birth, and these tears are more common after forceps delivery (28%) and midline episiotomies. Th - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
In the past decade, a novel class of therapies directed against specific cytokines implicated in the disease process of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), called the 'Biologics' have greatly improved and expanded treatment for RA. Anakinra is an interleukin-1 rec - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Neck disorders are common, disabling, and costly. The effectiveness of patient education strategies is unclear. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is licensed for use in patients with haemophilia and inhibitory allo-antibodies and for prophylaxis and treatment of patients with congenital factor VII deficiency. It is also used for off-license indications to prevent bl - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is associated with rapid vision loss due to choroidal neovascularization (CNV), leakage, and scarring. Steroids have gained attention in their role for the treatment of neovascular AMD for their antiangio - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Hysterectomy using an abdominal approach removes either the uterus alone (subtotal hysterectomy) or both the uterus and the cervix (total hysterectomy). The latter is more common but the outcomes have not been systematically compared. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
People who have chronic kidney disease (CKD) have important changes to bone structure, strength, and metabolism. Children experience bone deformity, pain, and delayed or impaired growth. Adults experience limb and vertebral fractures, avascular necrosis, - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Clinical practice guidelines regarding the use of high-flux haemodialysis membranes vary widely. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Traditional monitoring of ovarian hyperstimulation during in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment has included transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) plus serum estradiol levels to ensure safe practice by reducing - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Acupuncture has a history of traditional use in China for women's health conditions including premenstrual syndrome (PMS), but its effectiveness for this condition remains unclear. This review examined the available evidence supporting the use of acupunct - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
In in vitro fertilisation (IVF) with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), selection of the most competent embryo(s) for transfer is based on morphological criteria. However, many women do not achieve a pregnancy even after 'good quality' em - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Uterine fibroids are the most common non-malignant growths in women of childbearing age. They are associated with heavy menstrual bleeding and subfertility. Herbal preparations are commonly used as alternatives to surgical procedures. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Symphysiotomy is an operation in which the fibres of the pubic symphysis are partially divided to allow separation of the joint and thus enlargement of the pelvic dimensions during childbirth. It is performed with local analgesia and does not require an o - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Regular antenatal care for women with a multiple pregnancy is accepted practice, and while most women have an increase in the number of antenatal visits, there is no consensus as to what constitutes optimal care. 'Specialised' antenatal clinics have been - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Prelabour rupture of membranes (PROM) at term is managed expectantly or by planned early birth. It is not clear if waiting for birth to occur spontaneously is better than intervening, e.g. by inducing labour. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Primary aspiration of food and fluid is commonly seen in children with feeding and swallowing difficulties associated with a range of diseases and complex medical conditions. Respiratory sequelae and pneumonia are known to be associated with primary aspir - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Root canal treatment (RoCT), or endodontic treatment, is a common procedure in dentistry. The main indications for RoCT are irreversible pulpitis and necrosis of the dental pulp caused by carious processes, tooth cracks or chips, or dental trauma. Success - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Periodontal disease has been linked with a number of conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes and adverse pregnancy outcomes, all likely through systemic inflammatory pathways. It is common in women of reproductive age and gum conditio - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Consensus statements recommend the addition of long-acting inhaled ß2-agonists (LABA) only in asthmatic patients who are inadequately controlled on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). It is not uncommon for some patients to be commenced on ICS and LABA togethe
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