Showing 381-400 of 641 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Cardiovascular 
- Mechanical versus manual chest compressions for cardiac arrest
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Aug-2018
Mechanical chest compression devices have been proposed to improve the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
- Mediastinal chest drain clearance for cardiac surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2002
Cardiac tamponade may occur following cardiac surgery as a result of blood or fluid collecting in the pericardial space compressing the heart and reducing cardiac output. Mediastinal chest drains (including pericardial drains) are inserted as standard pos
- Medical adjuvant treatment to increase patency of arteriovenous fistulae and grafts
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jul-2021
People with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) often require either the formation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or an interposition prosthetic arteriovenous graft (AVG) for haemodialysis. These access sites should ideally have a long life and a low rate o
- Medical anti‐shock trousers (pneumatic anti‐shock garments) for circulatory support in patients with trauma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Oct-1999
Medical antishock trousers (MAST) have been used to increase venous return to the heart until definitive care could be given. This, combined with compression of blood vessels, is believed to cause the movement of blood from the lower body to the brain, he
- Medical interventions for primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a progressive optic neuropathy with an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), where the optic nerve head becomes pathologically excavated and the visual field (VF) is characteristically altered. Ocular hypertension (OHT
- Medical interventions for treating anthracycline‐induced symptomatic and asymptomatic cardiotoxicity during and after treatment for childhood cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Aug-2016
Anthracyclines are frequently used chemotherapeutic agents for childhood cancer that can cause cardiotoxicity during and after treatment. Although several medical interventions in adults with symptomatic or asymptomatic cardiac dysfunction due to other ca
- Medically assisted hydration for adult palliative care patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2014
Many palliative care patients have reduced oral intake during their illness. The management of this can include the provision of medically assisted hydration with the aim of prolonging the life of a patient, improving their quality of life, or both. This
- Mental practice for treating upper extremity deficits in individuals with hemiparesis after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2020
Stroke is caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain (ischemic stroke) or the rupture of blood vessels within the brain (hemorrhagic stroke) and may lead to changes in perception, cognition, mood, speech, health-related quality of life, and fun
- Methyldopa for primary hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of stroke, myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure. Methyldopa is a centrally acting antihypertensive agent, which was commonly used in the 1970's and 80's for blood pressure control. Its use at
- Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jul-2018
Mirror therapy is used to improve motor function after stroke. During mirror therapy, a mirror is placed in the person's midsagittal plane, thus reflecting movements of the non-paretic side as if it were the affected side.
- Momordica charantia for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2013
Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) is not only a nutritious vegetable but it is also used in traditional medical practices to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Experimental studies with animals and humans suggested that the vegetable has a possible role in
- Multiple risk factor interventions for primary prevention of coronary heart disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2013
Multiple risk factor interventions using counselling and educational methods assumed to be efficacious and cost-effective in reducing coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality and morbidity and that they should be expanded. Trials examining risk factor chang
- Music for stress and anxiety reduction in coronary heart disease patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Dec-2013
Individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD) often suffer from severe distress due to diagnosis, hospitalization, surgical procedures, uncertainty of outcome, fear of dying, doubts about progress in recovery, helplessness and loss of control. Such advers
- Naftidrofuryl for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Sep-2008
Stroke is the third most common cause of death and the most common cause of disability in the western world. The development of drugs to limit the effects of brain damage caused by stroke continues but no routine effective treatment has yet been identifie
- Naftidrofuryl for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
Lifestyle changes and cardiovascular prevention measures are a primary treatment for intermittent claudication (IC). Symptomatic treatment with vasoactive agents (Anatomic Therapeutic Chemical Classification (ATC) for medicines from the World Health Organ
- Naloxone for shock
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-May-2009
There is pre-clinical evidence, involving several animal species, suggesting that opioid peptides play a role in the physiopathology of shock (endotoxic, hypovolemic, cardiogenic, spinal, anaphylactic). Many case reports have suggested that naloxone (an o
- Nasal continuous positive airway pressure immediately after extubation for preventing morbidity in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Feb-2009
Preterm infants being extubated following a period of intermittent positive pressure ventilation via an endotracheal tube are at risk of developing respiratory failure as a result of apnea, respiratory acidosis and hypoxia. Nasal continuous positive airwa
- Neuraxial anaesthesia for lower‐limb revascularization
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jul-2013
Lower-limb revascularization is a surgical procedure that is performed to restore an adequate blood supply to the limbs. Lower-limb revascularization surgery is used to reduce pain and sometimes to improve lower-limb function. Neuraxial anaesthesia is an
- Nitrates for achalasia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Achalasia is a disease that impairs oesophageal motility. Although nitrates have been used to treat achalasia for a long time, the effectiveness of nitrates for achalasia is still controversial. Newer therapies have to some extent superceded the use of ni
- Nitric oxide donors (nitrates), L‐arginine, or nitric oxide synthase inhibitors for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2017
Nitric oxide (NO) has multiple effects that may be beneficial in acute stroke, including lowering blood pressure, and promoting reperfusion and cytoprotection. Some forms of nitric oxide synthase inhibition (NOS-I) may also be beneficial. However, high co
