Showing 21-40 of 296 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Healthcare management and organization 
- Caudal epidural block versus other methods of postoperative pain relief for circumcision in boys
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2008
Techniques to minimize the postoperative discomfort of penile surgery, such as circumcision, include caudal block; penile block; systemic opioids and topical local anaesthetic cream, emulsion or gel.
- Chemotherapy and surgery versus surgery alone in non-small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Sep-2008
The role of pre-operative chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was not clear. A systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis were therefore undertaken to evaluate the available evidence from randomised tria
- Chinese herbal medicine for primary dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Conventional treatment for primary dysmenorrhoea has a failure rate of 20% to 25% and may be contraindicated or not tolerated by some women. Chinese herbal medicine may be a suitable alternative.
- Chinese medical herbs for chemotherapy side effects in colorectal cancer patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2005
Side effects, including nausea and vomiting, sore mouth , diarrhoea, hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, and immunosuppression , are commonly encountered in patients with colorectal cancer who are treated with chemotherapy. A variety of Chinese herbal medic
- Chinese medicinal herbs to treat the side-effects of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Sep-2008
Short term side-effects of chemotherapy include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, mucositis and myelosuppression or neutropenia. These occur during the course of treatment and generally resolve within months of completion of chemotherapy. A variety of Chinese me
- Cholecystectomy deferral in patients with endoscopic sphincterotomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Cholecystectomy is not required in up to 64% of patients who adopt a wait-and-see policy after endoscopic clearance of common bile duct stones. Although reports of retrospective cohort series have shown a higher mortality among patients who defer cholecys
- Clinical decision support systems for neonatal care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are computer-based information systems used to integrate clinical and patient information to provide support for decision-making in patient care. They may be useful in aiding the diagnostic process, the generation
- Clinical pathways: effects on professional practice, patient outcomes, length of stay and hospital costs
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2010
Clinical pathways are structured multidisciplinary care plans used by health services to detail essential steps in the care of patients with a specific clinical problem. They aim to link evidence to practice and optimise clinical outcomes whilst maximisin
- Coblation versus other surgical techniques for tonsillectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Aug-2017
Tonsillectomy is a very common operation and is performed using various surgical methods. Coblation is a popular method because it purportedly causes less pain than other surgical methods. However, the superiority of coblation is unproven.
- Cognitive behavioural interventions for sleep problems in adults aged 60+
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2003
The prevalence of sleep problems in adulthood increases with age. While not all sleep changes are pathological in later life, severe disturbances may lead to depression, cognitive impairments, deterioration of quality of life, significant stresses for car
- Cognitive behavioural therapy for men who physically abuse their female partner
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
In national surveys, between 10% and 34% of women have reported being physically assaulted by an intimate male partner. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or programmes including elements of CBT are frequently used treatments for physically abusive men.
- Cognitive-behavioural interventions for preventing youth gang involvement for children and young people (7-16)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Many studies document a robust and consistent relationship between gang membership and elevated delinquency, with gang members disproportionately involved in crime compared to non-gang peers. Research also indicates that both delinquent youth and youth wh
- Collaboration between local health and local government agencies for health improvement
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
In many countries, national, regional and local inter- and intra-agency collaborations have been introduced to improve health outcomes. Evidence is needed on the effectiveness of locally developed partnerships which target changes in health outcomes and b
- Colony‐stimulating factors for chemotherapy‐induced febrile neutropenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2014
Febrile neutropenia is a frequent adverse event experienced by people with cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy, and is a potentially life-threatening situation. The current treatment is supportive care plus antibiotics. Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs
- Combinations of topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels, varnishes) versus single topical fluoride for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Topical fluoride therapy (TFT) in the form of toothpastes, mouthrinses, varnishes and gels are effective caries preventive measures. However, there is uncertainty about the relative value of these interventions when used together.
- Combined DTP‐HBV‐HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP‐HBV and HIB vaccines for primary prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae B (HIB)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2012
Advantages to combining childhood vaccines include reducing the number of visits, injections and patient discomfort, increasing compliance and optimising prevention. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that routine infant immunisation programme
- Complementary and alternative therapies for pain management in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Many women would like to avoid pharmacological or invasive methods of pain management in labour and this may contribute towards the popularity of complementary methods of pain management. This review examined currently available evidence supporting the us
- Comprehensive geriatric assessment for older adults admitted to hospital
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2017
Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a multi-dimensional, multi-disciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic process conducted to determine the medical, mental, and functional problems of older people with frailty so that a co-ordinated and integrated p
- Computer‐generated reminders delivered on paper to healthcare professionals: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jul-2017
Clinical practice does not always reflect best practice and evidence, partly because of unconscious acts of omission, information overload, or inaccessible information. Reminders may help clinicians overcome these problems by prompting them to recall info
- Computerized advice on drug dosage to improve prescribing practice
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2013
Maintaining therapeutic concentrations of drugs with a narrow therapeutic window is a complex task. Several computer systems have been designed to help doctors determine optimum drug dosage. Signi?cant improvements in health care could be achieved if comp
