- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Intermittent claudication (IC) is pain caused by chronic occlusive arterial disease, that develops in a limb during exercise and is relieved with rest. Buflomedil is a vasoactive agent used to treat peripheral vascular disease. However, its clinical effic - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Exercise programmes are a relatively inexpensive, low-risk option compared with other, more invasive therapies for treatment of leg pain on walking (intermittent claudication (IC)). This is the fourth update of a review first published in 1998. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Surgery on the abdominal aorta to treat aneurysms or occlusive disease is a major undertaking which requires intensive physiological support and fluid management. Blood products are often used but the main fluid replacement is with crystalloids or colloid - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Hydrocephalus following intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is still one of the most serious complications of premature birth. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery cannot be carried out early and permanent dependence on a shunt is associated with several seri - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of loss of effective breathing can lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia, which may be severe enough to require resuscitation including use of positive pr - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
On the basis of evidence from non-randomised studies, it has been recommended that all babies born through thick meconium should have their tracheas intubated so that suctioning of their airways can be performed. The aim is to reduce the incidence and sev - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Vitamin A is necessary for normal lung growth and the integrity of respiratory tract epithelial cells. Preterm infants have low vitamin A status at birth and this has been associated with an increased risk of developing chronic lung disease. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Apnea of prematurity may lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia requiring resuscitative measures being instituted. Many treatments have been used in infants with apnea of prematurity including methylxanthines. Physical stimulation is often used to restart brea - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Most premature infants are physiologically not sufficiently mature to orally ingest all of their required water and nutrients. Therefore, premature infants rely on their caregivers to regulate their volume of water intake. Thus, the caregiver must determi - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Umbilical arterial catheters (UACs) are among the most commonly used monitoring methodologies in neonatal intensive care. There seems to be significant variance between neonatal intensive care units in exactly how these catheters are used. This variance i - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Following a period of mechanical ventilation, post-extubation upper airway obstruction can occur in newborn infants, especially after prolonged, traumatic or multiple intubations. The subsequent increase in upper airway resistance may lead to respiratory - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Umbilical arterial catheters (UACs) are among the most commonly used monitoring methodologies in neonatal intensive care. There seems to be significant variance between neonatal intensive care units in exactly how these catheters are used. This variance i - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Umbilical arterial catheters (UACs) are among the most commonly used monitoring methodologies in neonatal intensive care. Immediately after insertion of a UAC, local vascular compromise is frequently evident, usually in the form of blue or white toes, but - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is effective in term infants with hypoxic respiratory failure. The pathophysiology of respiratory failure and the potential risks of iNO differ substantially in preterm infants, necessitating specific study in this population. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of pulmonary surfactant. A variety of animal derived surfactant extracts have been formulated and given to infants at risk of developing RDS. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability world wide. Thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is licensed for treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in the early hours after symptom onset. It has been shown in randomised co - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Carotid artery stenting is an alternative to carotid endarterectomy for the treatment of atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis. This review updates a previous version first published in 1997 and subsequently updated in 2004, 2007, and 2012. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Surgery for vertebral artery stenosis is technically difficult, potentially hazardous and is not considered in most centres. There is growing evidence from case series that vertebral artery stenosis may be treated endovascularly by percutaneous translumin - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by progressive airflow obstruction, worsening exercise performance and health deterioration. It is associated with significant morbidity, mortality and health system burden. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
'The Alexander technique' is a taught form of therapy involving a series of movements designed to correct posture and bring the body into natural alignment with the object of helping it to function efficiently, and is reported to aid relaxation. Some prac
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