- Insecticide‐treated nets for preventing malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2018
A previous version of this Cochrane Review identified that insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are effective at reducing child mortality, parasite prevalence, and uncomplicated and severe malaria episodes. Insecticide-treated nets have since become a core int - Insecticide-treated nets for preventing malaria in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2009
Malaria in pregnancy is associated with adverse consequences for mother and fetus. Protection with insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) during pregnancy is widely advocated, but evidence of their benefit has been inconsistent. - In‐service training for health professionals to improve care of seriously ill newborns and children in low‐income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2015
A variety of in-service emergency care training courses are currently being promoted as a strategy to improve the quality of care provided to seriously ill newborns and children in low-income countries. Most courses have been developed in high-income coun - Insoles for prevention and treatment of back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2010
There is lack of theoretical and clinical knowledge of the use of insoles for prevention or treatment of back pain. The high incidence of back pain and the popularity of shoe insoles call for a systematic review of this practice. - Inspiratory muscle training for asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Sep-2013
In some people with asthma, expiratory airflow limitation, premature closure of small airways, activity of inspiratory muscles at the end of expiration and reduced pulmonary compliance may lead to lung hyperinflation. With the increase in lung volume, che - Inspiratory muscle training for the recovery of function after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2012
Inspiratory muscle weakness has been observed in patients with stroke. Inspiratory muscle training is an intervention that has shown possible effects for functional recovery of patients with stroke. - Institutional versus at-home long term care for functionally dependent older people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2008
An increasing number of functionally dependent older people require care and medical treatment. Increasingly governments are shifting resources into community care expecting both reduction in costs and improvement in the quality of care. However, it is di - Instruments for assessing readiness to commence suck feeds in preterm infants: effects on time to establish full oral feeding and duration of hospitalisation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Aug-2016
One of the most challenging milestones for preterm infants is the acquisition of safe and efficient feeding skills. The majority of healthy full term infants are born with skills to coordinate their suck, swallow and respiration. However, this is not the - Instruments for assisted vaginal birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Sep-2021
Assisted vaginal births are carried out to expedite birth for the benefit of mothers and babies but are sometimes associated with significant morbidity for both. Various instruments are available, broadly divided into forceps and vacuum cups, and choice m - Instruments for chorionic villus sampling for prenatal diagnosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2013
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is the method of choice for obtaining fetal tissue for prenatal diagnosis before 15 weeks of pregnancy. CVS can be performed using either a transabdominal or transcervical approach. The type of instrument and technique used - Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Sep-2018
Diabetes is the commonest cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Both conditions commonly co-exist. Glucometabolic changes and concurrent dialysis in diabetes and CKD make glucose-lowering challenging, increasing the risk of hypoglycaemia. Glucose-lowerin - Insulin detemir versus insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jul-2011
Chronically elevated blood glucose levels are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Many diabetes patients will eventually require insulin treatment to maintain good glycaemic control. There are still uncertainties about the optimal insulin - Insulin for glycaemic control in acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2014
People with hyperglycaemia concomitant with an acute stroke have greater mortality, stroke severity, and functional impairment when compared with those with normoglycaemia at stroke presentation. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2 - Insulin for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2017
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with short- and long-term complications for the mother and her infant. Women who are unable to maintain their blood glucose concentration within pre-specified treatment targets with diet and lifestyle inte - Insulin monotherapy compared with the addition of oral glucose‐lowering agents to insulin for people with type 2 diabetes already on insulin therapy and inadequate glycaemic control
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Sep-2016
It is unclear whether people with type 2 diabetes mellitus on insulin monotherapy who do not achieve adequate glycaemic control should continue insulin as monotherapy or can benefit from adding oral glucose-lowering agents to the insulin therapy. - Insulin monotherapy versus combinations of insulin with oral hypoglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2004
It is unclear whether patients with type 2 diabetes who have poor glycaemic control despite maximal oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) should be commenced on insulin as monotherapy, or insulin combined with oral hypoglycaemic agents (insulin-OHA combination - Insulin secretagogues for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2016
The projected rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could develop into a substantial health problem worldwide. Whether insulin secretagogues (sulphonylureas and meglitinide analogues) are able to prevent or delay T2DM and its associated - Insulin‐sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D‐chiro‐inositol) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo amenorrhoea and subfertility
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Nov-2017
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterised by infrequent or absent ovulation, and high levels of androgens and insulin (hyperinsulinaemia). Hyperinsulinaemia occurs secondary to insulin resistance and is associated with increased risk of cardiovasc - Integrated community case management of childhood illness in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Feb-2021
The leading causes of mortality globally in children younger than five years of age (under-fives), and particularly in the regions of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Southern Asia, in 2018 were infectious diseases, including pneumonia (15%), diarrhoea (8%), - Integrated disease management interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Sep-2021
People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) show considerable variation in symptoms, limitations, and well-being; this often complicates medical care. A multi-disciplinary and multi-component programme that addresses different elements of car
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