- Inhaled corticosteroids versus placebo for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Mar-2023
The role of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been the subject of much uncertainty. COPD clinical guidelines currently recommend selective use of ICS. ICS are not recommended as monotherapy for people with C - Inhaled corticosteroids versus sodium cromoglycate in children and adults with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and sodium cromoglycate (SCG) have become established as effective controller medications for children and adults with asthma, but their relative efficacy is not clear. - Inhaled corticosteroids with combination inhaled long‐acting beta2‐agonists and long‐acting muscarinic antagonists for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2016
Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) commonly involves long-acting bronchodilators including beta-agonists (LABA) and muscarinic antagonists (LAMA). In individuals with persistent symptoms or frequent exacerbations, inhaled corticost - Inhaled cromones for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2010
Non-specific cough is defined as non-productive cough in the absence of identifiable respiratory disease or known aetiology. It is commonly seen in paediatric practice. These children are treated with a variety of therapies including inhaled cromones. - Inhaled hyperosmolar agents for bronchiectasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-May-2014
Mucus retention in the lungs is a prominent feature of bronchiectasis. The stagnant mucus becomes chronically colonised with bacteria, which elicit a host neutrophilic response. This fails to eliminate the bacteria, and the large concentration of host-der - Inhaled insulin in diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2008
Insulin therapy often relies on multiple daily injections of insulin. However this is a considerable burden to many people with diabetes and adherence to such an insulin regimen can be difficult to maintain, hence compromising optimal glycaemic control. A - Inhaled magnesium sulfate in the treatment of acute asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Nov-2017
Asthma exacerbations can be frequent and range in severity from mild to life-threatening. The use of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is one of numerous treatment options available during acute exacerbations. While the efficacy of intravenous MgSO4 has been demo - Inhaled mannitol for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2020
Several agents are used to clear secretions from the airways of people with cystic fibrosis. Mannitol increases mucociliary clearance, but its exact mechanism of action is unknown. The dry powder formulation of mannitol may be more convenient and easier t - Inhaled nitric oxide for acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2008
Acute chest syndrome has been defined as a new infiltrate visible on chest radiograph associated with one or more symptoms, such as fever, cough, sputum production, tachypnoea, dyspnoea, or new-onset hypoxia. Symptoms and complications of this syndrome, w - Inhaled nitric oxide for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in children and adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jun-2016
Acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF) and mostly acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are critical conditions. AHRF results from several systemic conditions and is associated with high mortality and morbidity in individuals of all ages. Inhale - Inhaled nitric oxide for respiratory failure in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jan-2017
Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is effective in term infants with hypoxic respiratory failure. The pathophysiology of respiratory failure and the potential risks of iNO differ substantially in preterm infants, necessitating specific study in this population. - Inhaled nitric oxide for the postoperative management of pulmonary hypertension in infants and children with congenital heart disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jul-2014
Nitric oxide (NO) is a prevalent molecule in humans that is responsible for many physiologic activities including pulmonary vasodilation. An exogenous, inhaled form (iNO) exists that mimics this action without affecting systemic blood pressure. This thera - Inhaled nitric oxide for treating pain crises in people with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2022
In people with sickle cell disease, sickled red blood cells cause the occlusion of small blood vessels, which presents as episodes of severe pain known as pain crises or vaso-occlusive crises. The pain can occur in the bones, chest, or other parts of the - Inhaled non‐steroid anti‐inflammatories for children and adults with bronchiectasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jan-2016
Chronic neutrophilic inflammation, in both the presence and absence of infection, is a feature of bronchiectasis in adults and children. The anti-inflammatory properties of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be beneficial in reducing airway - Inhaled short acting beta2‐agonist use in chronic asthma: regular versus as needed treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2003
Inhaled short-acting beta-2 agonists are the major class of bronchodilators used for relief of symptoms in asthma. There has been concern that excessive uncontrolled use of beta-2 agonists might have contributed to rises in asthma mortality seen in some c - Inhaled short‐acting beta2‐agonists versus ipratropium for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2001
Inhaled short acting beta2 adrenergic agonists and ipratropium bromide are both used in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. - Inhaled sodium cromoglycate for asthma in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2008
Sodium cromoglycate has been recommended as maintenance treatment for childhood asthma for many years. Its use has decreased since 1990, when inhaled corticosteroids became popular, but it is still used in many countries. - Inhaled steroids and risk of pneumonia for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Mar-2014
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs that have proven benefits for people with worsening symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and repeated exacerbations. They are commonly used as combination inhalers with long-act - Inhaled steroids for acute asthma following emergency department discharge
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
Patients with acute asthma treated in the emergency department (ED) are frequently treated with inhaled beta2-agonists and systemic corticosteroids after discharge. The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) following discharge may also be beneficial in imp - Inhaled steroids for episodic viral wheeze of childhood
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2000
Recurrent episodic wheeze in association with viral upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is a specific clinical illness distinct from persistent atopic asthma.
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