- Ileostomy or colostomy for temporary decompression of colorectal anastomosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2008
The use of loop ileostomy or loop transverse colostomy represents an important issue in colorectal surgery. Despite a slight preference for a loop ileostomy as a temporary stoma, the best form for temporary decompression of colorectal anastomosis still re - Iloprost and cisaprost for Raynaud's phenomenon in progressive systemic sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
Scleroderma is a connective tissue disease causing fibrosis and commonly affects the skin and internal organs such as the GI tract, lungs, kidney and heart. - Image guided surgery for the resection of brain tumours
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2016
Extent of resection is believed to be a key prognostic factor in neuro-oncology. Image guided surgery uses a variety of tools or technologies to help achieve this goal. It is not clear whether any of these, sometimes very expensive, tools (or their combin - Image-guided percutaneous procedure plus metronidazole versus metronidazole alone for uncomplicated amoebic liver abscess
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Nov-2008
Metronidazole is the standard of care for uncomplicated amoebic liver abscesses (considering that complicated liver abscesses are those localized in left lobe, multiple, and/or pyogenic abscesses). However, a subset of patients with amoebic liver abscesse - Image-guided versus blind glucocorticoid injection for shoulder pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jul-2012
Traditionally, glucocorticoid injection for the treatment of shoulder pain has been performed guided by anatomical landmarks alone. With the advent of readily available imaging tools such as ultrasound, image-guided injections have increasingly become acc - Imaging for the exclusion of pulmonary embolism in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2017
Pulmonary embolism is a leading cause of pregnancy-related death. An accurate diagnosis in pregnant patients is crucial to prevent untreated pulmonary embolism as well as unnecessary anticoagulant treatment and future preventive measures. Applied imaging - Imaging modalities for characterising focal pancreatic lesions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Apr-2017
Increasing numbers of incidental pancreatic lesions are being detected each year. Accurate characterisation of pancreatic lesions into benign, precancerous, and cancer masses is crucial in deciding whether to use treatment or surveillance. Distinguishing - Imaging modalities for the non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Feb-2016
About 10% of women of reproductive age suffer from endometriosis. Endometriosis is a costly chronic disease that causes pelvic pain and subfertility. Laparoscopy, the gold standard diagnostic test for endometriosis, is expensive and carries surgical risks - Imipramine for neuropathic pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2019
Antidepressants are widely used to treat chronic neuropathic pain (pain due to nerve damage), usually in doses below those at which they exert antidepressant effects. An earlier review that included all antidepressants for neuropathic pain is being replac - Imiquimod for anogenital warts in non-immunocompromised adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Oct-2014
30% of people with anogenital warts (AGW) have spontaneous regression of lesions but there is no way to determine whether a specific lesion will remain. There are a wide range of options available for treating people with AGW and selection is based on cli - Immediate antiepileptic drug treatment, versus placebo, deferred, or no treatment for first unprovoked seizure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-2017
There is considerable disagreement about the risk of recurrence following a first unprovoked epileptic seizure. A decision about whether to start antiepileptic drug treatment following a first seizure should be informed by information on the size of any r - Immediate postabortal insertion of intrauterine devices
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2014
The use of an effective contraceptive may be necessary after an abortion. Insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD) may be done the same day or later. Immediate IUD insertion is an option since the woman is not pregnant, pain of insertion is less because - Immediate postpartum insertion of intrauterine device for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jun-2015
Women who want to start intrauterine contraception (IUC) during the postpartum period might benefit from IUC insertion immediately after delivery. Postplacental insertion greatly reduces the risk of subsequent pregnancy and eliminates the need for a retur - Immediate referral to colposcopy versus cytological surveillance for minor cervical cytological abnormalities in the absence of HPV test
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Feb-2017
A significant number of women are diagnosed with minor cytological abnormalities on cervical screening. Many authorities recommend surveillance as spontaneous regression might occur. However, attendance for cytological follow-up decreases with time and mi - Immediate versus deferred delivery of the preterm baby with suspected fetal compromise for improving outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2016
Immediate delivery of the preterm fetus with suspected compromise may decrease the risk of damage due to intrauterine hypoxia. However, it may also increase the risks of prematurity. - Immediate versus deferred zidovudine (AZT) in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic HIV infected adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Feb-2010
Zidovudine (AZT) monotherapy was the first antiretroviral drug to be tested widely. Subsequent trials in asymptomatic or early symptomatic HIV infection indicated short-term delays in disease progression with AZT, but not improved survival. - Immediate versus delayed postpartum insertion of contraceptive implant for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2017
The spacing of pregnancies has a positive impact on maternal and newborn health. The progestin contraceptive implant, which is a long-acting, reversible method of contraception, has a well-established low failure rate that is compatible with tubal sterili - Immediate versus delayed reconstruction following surgery for breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2011
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women and has a lifetime incidence of one in nine in the UK. Curative treatment requires surgery, and may involve adjuvant and neo-adjuvant therapy. In many women, post-mastectomy breast reconstruction is esse - Immediate versus delayed treatment for recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Sep-2016
The timing of surgery for recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis remains controversial. Early cerebral revascularization may prevent a disabling or fatal ischemic recurrence, but it may also increase the risk of hemorrhagic transformation, or of dis - Immediate-release methylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-May-2016
Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), diagnosed mainly in children, often persist into adulthood. Adults in this group have a high rate of other psychiatric problems and functional difficulties in a number of key areas such as acade
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