- High‐frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Apr-2016
High-frequency oscillation (HFO) is an alternative to conventional mechanical ventilation that is sometimes used to treat people with acute respiratory distress syndrome, but effects on oxygenation, mortality and adverse clinical outcomes are uncertain. T - High‐frequency ultrasound for diagnosing skin cancer in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Dec-2018
Early, accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are high-risk skin cancers with the potential to metastasise and ultimately l - High‐intensity versus low‐intensity physical activity or exercise in people with hip or knee osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2015
Exercise or physical activity is recommended for improving pain and functional status in people with knee or hip osteoarthritis. These are complex interventions whose effectiveness depends on one or more components that are often poorly identified. It has - High‐volume haemofiltration for sepsis in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2017
Severe sepsis and septic shock are leading causes of death in the intensive care unit (ICU), despite advances in the treatment of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock, including early recognition, appropriate treatment with antibiotics and support - Hip protectors for preventing hip fractures in older people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Mar-2014
Older people living in nursing care facilities or older adults living at home are at high risk of falling and a hip fracture may occur after a fall. Hip protectors have been advocated as a means to reduce the risk of hip fracture. Hip protectors are plast - Histamine H2-receptor antagonists for urticaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Feb-2015
Urticaria is a common skin disease characterised by itching weals or hives, which can occur almost anywhere on the body. There are a number of different subtypes and a range of available treatment options. There is lack of agreement on the efficacy of H2- - Histamine type 2 receptor antagonists as adjuvant treatment for resected colorectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jul-2012
Anecdotal reports of tumour regression with histamine type 2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) have lead to a series of trials with this class of drug as adjuvant therapy to try and improve outcomes in patients with resected colorectal cancers. There was a pla - Histologic scoring indices for evaluation of disease activity in Crohn’s disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2017
Histologic assessment of mucosal disease activity has been increasingly used in clinical trials of treatment for Crohn's disease. However, the operating properties of the currently existing histologic scoring indices remain unclear. - Histologic scoring indices for evaluation of disease activity in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2017
Disease activity can be determined using clinical, endoscopic or histologic criteria in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Persistent disease activity is associated with poor outcomes. Histologic disease activity has been shown to be associated with r - HIV prevention advice for people with serious mental illness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Sep-2016
People with serious mental illness have rates of Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) infection higher than expected in the general population for the same demographic area. Despite this elevated prevalence, UK national strategies around sexual health and - HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for dialysis patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Sep-2013
People with advanced kidney disease treated with dialysis experience mortality rates from cardiovascular disease that are substantially higher than for the general population. Studies that have assessed the benefits of statins (HMG CoA reductase inhibitor - HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for kidney transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jan-2014
People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have higher risks of cardiovascular disease compared to the general population. Specifically, cardiovascular deaths account most deaths in kidney transplant recipients. Statins are a potentially beneficial interven - HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2014
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most frequent cause of death in people with early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), for whom the absolute risk of cardiovascular events is similar to people who have existing coronary artery disease. This is an up - HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for preventing acute kidney injury after surgical procedures requiring cardiac bypass
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Mar-2015
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients undergoing cardiac surgery among whom it is associated with poor outcomes, prolonged hospital stays and increased mortality. Statin drugs can produce more than one effect independent of their lipid lowering - Holding chambers (spacers) versus nebulisers for beta‐agonist treatment of acute asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Sep-2013
In acute asthma inhaled beta2-agonists are often administered by nebuliser to relieve bronchospasm, but some have argued that metered-dose inhalers with a holding chamber (spacer) can be equally effective. Nebulisers require a power source and need regula - Holding chambers versus nebulisers for inhaled steroids in chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2006
Inhaled corticosteroids are available in the form of a suspension for nebulisation, although the role of this mode of therapy in the treatment of chronic asthma is still unclear. - Home care by outreach nursing for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2012
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by progressive airflow obstruction, worsening exercise performance and health deterioration. It is associated with significant morbidity, mortality and health system burden. - Home fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders for health and nutrition in children under two years of age
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2020
Vitamin and mineral deficiencies, particularly those of iron, vitamin A, and zinc, affect more than two billion people worldwide. Young children are highly vulnerable because of rapid growth and inadequate dietary practices. Multiple micronutrient powders - Home or foster home care versus institutional long‐term care for functionally dependent older people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2017
Changing population demographics have led to an increasing number of functionally dependent older people who require care and medical treatment. In many countries, government policy aims to shift resources into the community from institutional care settin - Home parenteral nutrition for people with inoperable malignant bowel obstruction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2018
People with advanced ovarian or gastrointestinal cancer may develop malignant bowel obstruction (MBO). They are able to tolerate limited, if any, oral or enteral (via a tube directly into the gut) nutrition. Parenteral nutrition (PN) is the provision of m
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