- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography versus intraoperative cholangiography for diagnosis of common bile duct stones
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Feb-2015
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) are tests used in the diagnosis of common bile duct stones in people suspected of having common bile duct stones. There has been no systematic review of the dia - Endoscopic scoring indices for evaluation of disease activity in Crohn’s disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2016
Endoscopic assessment of mucosal disease activity is widely used to determine eligibility and response to therapy in clinical trials of treatment for Crohn’s disease. However, the operating properties of the currently available endoscopic indices remain u - Endoscopic scoring indices for evaluation of disease activity in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2018
Endoscopic assessment of mucosal disease activity is routinely used to determine eligibility and response to therapy in clinical trials of ulcerative colitis. The operating properties of the existing endoscopic scoring indices are unclear. - Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jul-2015
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a type of communicating hydrocephalus also known as non-obstructive hydrocephalus. This type of hydrocephalus is caused by impaired cerebrospinal fluid reabsorption without any obstruction in the ventricu - Endoscopic ultrasound versus magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography for common bile duct stones
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Feb-2015
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) are tests used in the diagnosis of common bile duct stones in patients suspected of having common bile duct stones prior to undergoing invasive treatment. There has been no - Endothelial keratoplasty versus penetrating keratoplasty for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Feb-2014
Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (FED) is a condition in which there is premature degeneration of corneal endothelial cells. When the number of endothelial cells is reduced to a significant degree, fluid begins to accumulate within the cornea. As a result, the - Endothelin receptor antagonists for persistent pulmonary hypertension in term and late preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Aug-2016
Endothelin, a powerful vasoconstrictor, is one of the mediators in the causation of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Theoretically, endothelin receptor antagonists (ETRA) have the potential to improve the outcomes of infants with P - Endothelin receptor antagonists for subarachnoid hemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2012
A subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition where blood leaks out of blood vessels over the surface of the brain. Delayed ischemic neurological deficit (DIND) and the related feature of vasospasm, where patients - Endotracheal intubation at birth for preventing morbidity and mortality in vigorous, meconium-stained infants born at term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Oct-2008
On the basis of evidence from non-randomised studies, it has been recommended that all babies born through thick meconium should have their tracheas intubated so that suctioning of their airways can be performed. The aim is to reduce the incidence and sev - Endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2014
An abnormal dilatation of the abdominal aorta is referred to as an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Due to the risk of rupture, surgical repair is offered electively to individuals with aneurysms greater than 5.5 cm in size. Traditionally, conventional op - Endovascular repair versus open repair for inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2015
Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm (IAAA) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition characterised by marked thickening of the aortic wall, peri-aneurysmal and retroperitoneal fibrosis, and dense adhesions of adjacent abdominal organs. The p - Endovascular revascularisation versus conservative management for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2018
Intermittent claudication (IC) is the classic symptomatic form of peripheral arterial disease affecting an estimated 4.5% of the general population aged 40 years and older. Patients with IC experience limitations in their ambulatory function resulting in - Endovascular stents for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2009
Endovascular stents have been suggested as a means to improve the patency of arteries after angioplasty in patients with intermittent claudication. This is an update of a Cochrane review published in 2002. - Endovascular treatment for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jun-2017
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) (pathological enlargement of the aorta) is a condition that can occur as a person ages. It is most commonly seen in men older than 65 years of age. Progressive aneurysm enlargement can lead to rupture and massive interna - Endovascular versus conventional medical treatment for uncomplicated chronic type B aortic dissection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Sep-2012
Aortic dissection is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when a tear forms in the inner lining of the aorta. It has traditionally been treated by blood pressure control (medical treatment) or open surgery, both with high mortality rates. - Endovascular versus open repair of asymptomatic popliteal artery aneurysm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Dec-2019
Popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA) is a focal dilatation and weakening of the popliteal artery. If left untreated, the aneurysm may thrombose, rupture or the clot within the aneurysm may embolise causing severe morbidity. PAA may be treated surgically by per - Endovenous ablation (radiofrequency and laser) and foam sclerotherapy versus open surgery for great saphenous vein varices
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jul-2014
Minimally invasive techniques to treat great saphenous varicose veins include ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and endovenous laser therapy (EVLT). Compared with flush saphenofemoral ligation with stripping, also - Endovenous ablation therapy (laser or radiofrequency) or foam sclerotherapy versus conventional surgical repair for short saphenous varicose veins
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2016
Short (or small) saphenous vein (SSV) varices occur as a result of an incompetent sapheno-popliteal junction, where the SSV joins the popliteal vein, resulting in reflux in the SSV; they account for about 15% of varicose veins. Untreated varicose veins ma - Endovenous thermal ablation for healing venous ulcers and preventing recurrence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2013
Venous leg ulcers represent the worst extreme within the spectrum of chronic venous disease. Affecting up to 3% of the adult population, this typically chronic, recurring condition significantly impairs quality of life, and its treatment places a heavy fi - Enemas during labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2013
Although the use of enemas during labour usually reflects the preference of the attending healthcare provider, enemas may cause discomfort for women.
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