- Different-sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age-related cataract
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2017
Age-related cataract is the principal cause of blindness and visual impairment in the world. Phacoemulsification is the main surgical procedure used to treat cataract. The comparative effectiveness and safety of different-sized incisions for phacoemulsifi - Digitalis for treatment of heart failure in patients in sinus rhythm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Apr-2016
Digitalis glycosides have been in clinical use for the treatment of heart failure (HF) for longer than 200 years. In recent years, several trials have been conducted to address concerns about their efficacy and toxicity. - Digoxin for preventing or treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2010
Lendrum 1955 suggested that pulmonary edema secondary to congestive heart failure may contribute to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Based on this hypothesis, investigators began to use digitalis glycosides to improve myocardial contractility - Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2014
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. This review aims to assist the decision-making of malaria control programmes by providing an overview of t - Dimercaptosuccinic acid scan or ultrasound in screening for vesicoureteral reflux among children with urinary tract infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jun-2016
There is considerable interest in detecting vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) because its presence, especially when severe, has been linked to an increased risk of urinary tract infections and renal scarring. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), also known as mic - Dimethyl fumarate for multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2015
Multiple sclerosis (MS) often leads to severe neurological disability and a serious decline in quality of life. The ideal target of disease-modifying therapy for MS is to prevent disability worsening and improve quality of life. Dimethyl fumarate is consi - Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-May-2009
In type 2 diabetes mellitus there is a progressive loss of beta-cell function. One new approach yielding promising results is the use of the orally active dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors like sitagliptin and vildagliptin. - Dipeptidyl-peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 analogues for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2017
The projected rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could develop into a substantial health problem worldwide. Whether dipeptidyl-peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 analogues are able to prevent or delay T2DM - Dipyridamole for preventing stroke and other vascular events in patients with vascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2010
Patients with limited cerebral ischaemia of arterial origin are at risk of serious vascular events (4% to 11% annually). Aspirin reduces that risk by 13%. In one trial, adding dipyridamole to aspirin was associated with a 22% risk reduction compared with - Dipyrone for acute primary headaches
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2019
Dipyrone is used to treat headaches in many countries, but is not available in others (particularly the USA and UK) because of its association with potentially life-threatening blood dyscrasias such as agranulocytosis. - Direct composite resin fillings versus amalgam fillings for permanent or adult posterior teeth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-May-2014
Amalgam has been the traditional material for filling cavities in posterior teeth for the last 150 years and, due to its effectiveness and cost, amalgam is still the restorative material of choice in certain parts of the world. In recent times, however, t - Direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin for preventing stroke and systemic embolic events among atrial fibrillation patients with chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2017
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), which is more prevalent among CKD patients than the general population. AF causes stroke or systemic embolism, leading to increased mortality. The conventional antith - Direct thrombin inhibitors versus vitamin K antagonists for preventing cerebral or systemic embolism in people with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Mar-2016
Chronic anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) prevents ischaemic stroke and systemic embolism in people with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) but dose adjustment, coagulation monitoring and bleeding limits its use. Direct thrombin inhibit - Direct thrombin inhibitors versus vitamin K antagonists or low molecular weight heparins for prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2011
Patients who have undergone total hip or knee replacement (THR, TKR) have a high risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) following surgery, despite appropriate anticoagulation with warfarin or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). New anticoagulant - Direct versus indirect veneer restorations for intrinsic dental stains
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
Patients with discoloured teeth frequently present to the dentist requesting restorations designed to improve their appearance. For teeth that are sound, this might include the use of a veneer restoration. The veneer acts as a thin layer of a material cov - Direct-acting antivirals for chronic hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Sep-2017
Millions of people worldwide suffer from hepatitis C, which can lead to severe liver disease, liver cancer, and death. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), e.g. sofosbuvir, are relatively new and expensive interventions for chronic hepatitis C, and preliminar - Directed preconception health programs and interventions for improving pregnancy outcomes for women who are overweight or obese
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jul-2015
Overweight and obesity (body mass index (BMI) = 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2 and BMI = 30 kg/m2, respectively are increasingly common among women of reproductive age. Overweight and obesity are known to be associated with many adverse health conditions in the preco - Directly observed therapy for treating tuberculosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-May-2015
Tuberculosis (TB) requires at least six months of treatment. If treatment is incomplete, patients may not be cured and drug resistance may develop. Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) is a specific strategy, endorsed by the World Health Organization, to impro - Discharge planning from hospital
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2016
Discharge planning is a routine feature of health systems in many countries. The aim of discharge planning is to reduce hospital length of stay and unplanned readmission to hospital, and to improve the co-ordination of services following discharge from ho - Disclosing to parents newborn carrier status identified by routine blood spot screening
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2013
Newborn blood spot screening programmes are designed to detect serious conditions affecting individuals, where early treatment can improve health. It is suggested that screening can improve the experience of diagnosis for parents. For example, without new
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