- Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2021
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with dyspnoea, cough or sputum production (or both) and affects quality of life and functional status. More efficient approaches to alternative management that may include patients themselves mana - Digital interventions to improve adherence to maintenance medication in asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2022
Asthma is the most common chronic lung condition worldwide, affecting 334 million adults and children globally. Despite the availability of effective treatment, such as inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), adherence to maintenance medication remains suboptimal. - Digitalis for treatment of heart failure in patients in sinus rhythm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Apr-2014
Digitalis glycosides have been in clinical use for the treatment of heart failure (HF) for longer than 200 years. In recent years, several trials have been conducted to address concerns about their efficacy and toxicity. - Digoxin for preventing or treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jan-2011
Lendrum 1955 suggested that pulmonary edema secondary to congestive heart failure may contribute to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Based on this hypothesis, investigators began to use digitalis glycosides to improve myocardial contractility - Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2014
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. This review aims to assist the decision-making of malaria control programmes by providing an overview of t - Dihydrocodeine for detoxification and maintenance treatment in individuals with opiate use disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Feb-2020
Medical treatment and detoxification from opiate disorders includes oral administration of opioid agonists. Dihydrocodeine (DHC) substitution treatment is typically low threshold and therefore has the capacity to reach wider groups of opiate users. Decisi - Dilute versus full‐strength formula in exclusively formula‐fed preterm or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jun-2019
Preterm infants have fewer nutrient reserves at birth than full-term infants and often receive artificial formula feeds in the absence of expressed breast milk. Although it is generally agreed that feeding must be initiated slowly and advanced with much g - Dimercaptosuccinic acid scan or ultrasound in screening for vesicoureteral reflux among children with urinary tract infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jul-2016
There is considerable interest in detecting vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) because its presence, especially when severe, has been linked to an increased risk of urinary tract infections and renal scarring. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), also known as mic - Dimethyl fumarate for multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2015
Multiple sclerosis (MS) often leads to severe neurological disability and a serious decline in quality of life. The ideal target of disease-modifying therapy for MS is to prevent disability worsening and improve quality of life. Dimethyl fumarate is consi - Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2008
In type 2 diabetes mellitus there is a progressive loss of beta-cell function. One new approach yielding promising results is the use of the orally active dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors like sitagliptin and vildagliptin. - Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors for people with cardiovascular disease: a network meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Oct-2021
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death globally. Recently, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) were approved for treating - Dipeptidyl‐peptidase (DPP)‐4 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐1 analogues for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2017
The projected rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could develop into a substantial health problem worldwide. Whether dipeptidyl-peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 analogues are able to prevent or delay T2DM - Dipyridamole for preventing stroke and other vascular events in patients with vascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2010
Patients with limited cerebral ischaemia of arterial origin are at risk of serious vascular events (4% to 11% annually). Aspirin reduces that risk by 13%. In one trial, adding dipyridamole to aspirin was associated with a 22% risk reduction compared with - Dipyrone for acute primary headaches
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2019
Dipyrone is used to treat headaches in many countries, but is not available in others (particularly the USA and UK) because of its association with potentially life-threatening blood dyscrasias such as agranulocytosis. - Direct composite resin fillings versus amalgam fillings for permanent posterior teeth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Aug-2021
Traditionally, amalgam has been used for filling cavities in posterior teeth, and it continues to be the restorative material of choice in some low- and middle-income countries due to its effectiveness and relatively low cost. However, there are concerns - Direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin for preventing stroke and systemic embolic events among atrial fibrillation patients with chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2017
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), which is more prevalent among CKD patients than the general population. AF causes stroke or systemic embolism, leading to increased mortality. The conventional antith - Direct thrombin inhibitors versus vitamin K antagonists for preventing cerebral or systemic embolism in people with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Mar-2014
Chronic anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) prevents ischaemic stroke and systemic embolism in people with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) but dose adjustment, coagulation monitoring and bleeding limits its use. Direct thrombin inhibit - Direct thrombin inhibitors versus vitamin K antagonists or low molecular weight heparins for prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2011
Patients who have undergone total hip or knee replacement (THR, TKR) have a high risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) following surgery, despite appropriate anticoagulation with warfarin or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). New anticoagulant - Direct versus indirect veneer restorations for intrinsic dental stains
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
Patients with discoloured teeth frequently present to the dentist requesting restorations designed to improve their appearance. For teeth that are sound, this might include the use of a veneer restoration. The veneer acts as a thin layer of a material cov - Direct-acting antivirals for chronic hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Sep-2017
Millions of people worldwide suffer from hepatitis C, which can lead to severe liver disease, liver cancer, and death. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), e.g. sofosbuvir, are relatively new and expensive interventions for chronic hepatitis C, and preliminar
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