Showing 201-220 of 296 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Healthcare management and organization 
- Progressive resistance strength training for improving physical function in older adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2009
Muscle weakness in old age is associated with physical function decline. Progressive resistance strength training (PRT) exercises are designed to increase strength.
- Prophylactic antibiotics for penetrating abdominal trauma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2019
Penetrating abdominal trauma occurs when the peritoneal cavity is breached. Routine laparotomy for penetrating abdominal injuries began in the 1800s, with antibiotics first being used in World War II to combat septic complications associated with these in
- Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing gram‐positive infections associated with long‐term central venous catheters in adults and children receiving treatment for cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2021
This is an updated version of a Cochrane Review last published in 2013. Long-term central venous catheters (CVCs), including tunnelled CVCs (TCVCs) and totally implanted devices or ports (TIDs), are increasingly used when treating people with cancer. Desp
- Prophylactic antibiotics for transcervical intrauterine procedures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-May-2013
The transcervical intrauterine route is commonly used for operative gynaecological procedures in women. The vagina is an area of the body that is abundant with normal bacterial flora. An operative procedure through the vagina may, therefore, be considered
- Prophylactic methylxanthine for prevention of apnoea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Dec-2010
Recurrent apnoea is common in preterm infants. These episodes can lead to hypoxaemia and bradycardia, which may be severe enough to require the use of positive pressure ventilation. In infants with apnoea, methylxanthine treatment has been used successful
- Provider training and experience for people living with HIV/AIDS
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jun-2011
The complexity of HIV/AIDS raises challenges for the effective delivery of care. It is important to ensure that the expertise and experience of care providers is of high quality. Training and experience of HIV/AIDS providers may impact not only individual
- Psychological interventions for adults with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2006
Many people have asthma, and for some their symptoms may be triggered by psychological factors. In addition, compliance with medical therapy may have a psychological dimension. Therefore, psychological interventions aim to reduce the burden of symptoms an
- Psychological interventions for children with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
Asthma is a chronic disease of inflammation and smooth muscle dysfunction, including bronchoconstriction. These symptoms are usually associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatmen
- Psychological interventions for individuals with cystic fibrosis and their families
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jun-2014
With increasing survival estimates for individuals with cystic fibrosis, long-term management has become an important focus. Psychological interventions are largely concerned with adherence to treatment, emotional and social adaptation and health-related
- Psychological interventions for needle‐related procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Oct-2018
This is the second update of a Cochrane Review (Issue 4, 2006). Pain and distress from needle-related procedures are common during childhood and can be reduced through use of psychological interventions (cognitive or behavioral strategies, or both). Our f
- Psychological interventions for overweight or obesity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-May-2014
Overweight and obesity are global health problems which are increasing throughout the industrialised world. If left unchecked, they will continue to contribute to the ever increasing non communicable disease burden.
- Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Feb-2016
Adherence to oral hygiene is an important aspect of the treatment of periodontal disease. Traditional educational interventions have been shown to be of little value in achieving long term behaviour change.
- Psychological therapies for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Oct-2018
This is an update of the original Cochrane review first published in Issue 1, 2003, and previously updated in 2009, 2012 and 2014. Chronic pain, defined as pain that recurs or persists for more than three months, is common in childhood. Chronic pain can a
- Psychological treatments for epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Feb-2016
Psychological interventions such as relaxation therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, bio-feedback and educational interventions have been used alone or in combination in the treatment of epilepsy, to reduce the seizure frequency and improve the quality of
- Psychosocial interventions for erectile dysfunction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
Normal sexual function is a biopsychosocial process and relies on the coordination of psychological, endocrine, vascular, and neurological factors. Recent data show that psychological factors are involved in a substantial number of cases of erectile dysfu
- Pulmonary artery catheters for adult patients in intensive care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2013
Since pulmonary artery balloon flotation catheterization was first introduced in 1970, by HJ Swan and W Ganz, it has been widely disseminated as a diagnostic tool without rigorous evaluation of its clinical utility and effectiveness in critically ill pati
- Radiotherapy and chemoradiation after surgery for early cervical cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2012
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review first published in Issue 4, 2009. There is an ongoing debate about the indications for, and value of, adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy after radical surgery in women with early cervical cancer. Certai
- Recordings or summaries of consultations for people with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Many people find it difficult to remember information provided during medical consultations. One way of improving this may be to provide a record of the conversation.
- Resorbable versus titanium plates for orthognathic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Oct-2017
Recognition of some of the limitations of titanium plates and screws used for the fixation of bones has led to the development of plates manufactured from bioresorbable materials. Whilst resorbable plates appear to offer clinical advantages over metal pla
- Restricting oral fluid and food intake during labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Aug-2013
Restricting fluids and foods during labour is common practice across many birth settings with some women only being allowed sips of water or ice chips. Restriction of oral intake may be unpleasant for some women, and may adversely influence their experien
