- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Tobacco smoking is the leading preventable cause of death worldwide, which makes it essential to stimulate smoking cessation. The financial cost of smoking cessation treatment can act as a barrier to those seeking support. We hypothesised that provision o - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Use of smokeless tobacco (ST) can lead to tobacco dependence and long-term use can lead to health problems including periodontal disease, cancer, and cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Financial incentives, monetary or vouchers, are widely used in an attempt to precipitate, reinforce and sustain behaviour change, including smoking cessation. They have been used in workplaces, in clinics and hospitals, and within community programmes. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
This is an updated version of a previously published review in The Cochrane Library (2005, Issue 2) on 'Megestrol acetate for the treatment of anorexia-cachexia syndrome'. Megestrol acetate (MA) is currently used to improve appetite and to increase weight - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Vascular disease is the second commonest cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. There are difficulties in classifying patients with this type of cognitive impairment owing to varied clinical presentation and different types of arterial disease. Ther - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Printed educational materials are widely used dissemination strategies to improve the quality of healthcare professionals' practice and patient health outcomes. Traditionally they are presented in paper formats such as monographs, publication in peer-revi - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Open angle glaucoma (OAG) is a common cause of blindness. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a naturally-occurring cytokine that has been shown to increase neutrophil function and number. Exogenous administration of recombinant G-CSF (filgrastim, pegfilgrastim or lenograstim) has found extensive us - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Urinary stone disease is a common condition characterised by increasing prevalence and high rates of recurrence. Observational studies have reported that increased water intake played a role in the prevention of urinary stone formation but with limited st - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Kidney transplantation is the therapy of choice for many patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) with an improvement in survival rates and satisfactory short term graft survival. However, there has been little improvement in long-term survival. The - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Based mainly on experimental data that indicates improvement to the cerebral microcirculation, Dan Shen, a herbal medicine, is widely used in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in China. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Aspirin is the standard treatment for secondary prevention of stroke and other vascular events. Several studies suggest that triflusal may have a better safety profile. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough (NAB) is defined as intragastric pH<4 for more than one continuous hour overnight. Adding H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) at bedtime to high-dose proton pump inhibitors is likely to enhance nocturnal gastric pH control - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
The treatment of early gastric cancer (EGC) using endoscopy, namely endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), has been adopted for about 20 years, but the effectiveness and safety of the modality are still controversial. Furthermore, the risk of bias of trials - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Medical professionals routinely carry out surgical hand antisepsis before undertaking invasive procedures to destroy transient micro-organisms and inhibit the growth of resident micro-organisms. Antisepsis may reduce the risk of surgical site infections ( - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Renal colic is a common cause of acute severe pain. Both opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are recommended for treatment, but the relative efficacy of these drugs is uncertain. - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in childhood and febrile neutropenia is a potentially life-threatening side effect of its treatment. Current treatment consists of supportive care plus antibiotics. Clinical trials have attempt - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Exercise has a number of health benefits and has been recommended as a treatment for primary dysmenorrhoea (period pain), but the evidence for its effectiveness on primary dysmenorrhoea is unclear. This review examined the available evidence supporting th - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Trust is a fundamental component of the patient-doctor relationship and is associated with increased satisfaction, adherence to treatment, and continuity of care. Our 2006 review found little evidence that interventions improve patients' trust in their do - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews,
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been the gold-standard treatment for alleviating urinary symptoms and improving urinary flow in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, the morbidity of TURP approaches 20%, and
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