- Community interventions for preventing smoking in young people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jun-2013
Cigarette smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable death in the world. Decisions to smoke are often made within a broad social context and therefore community interventions using coordinated, multi-component programmes may be effective in influ - Community interventions for reducing smoking among adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Since smoking behaviour is determined by social context, the best way to reduce the prevalence of smoking may be to use community-wide programmes which use multiple channels to provide reinforcement, support and norms for not smoking. - Community pharmacy interventions for health promotion: effects on professional practice and health outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Dec-2019
Community pharmacies are an easily accessible and cost-effective platform for delivering health care worldwide, and the range of services provided has undergone rapid expansion in recent years. Thus, in addition to dispensing medication, pharmacy workers - Community pharmacy personnel interventions for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Oct-2019
Community pharmacists could provide effective smoking cessation treatment because they offer easy access to members of the community. They are well placed to provide both advice on the correct use of smoking cessation products and behavioural support to a - Community screening for visual impairment in older people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2018
Visual problems in older people are common and frequently under-reported. The effects of poor vision in older people are wide reaching and include falls, confusion and reduced quality of life. Much of the visual impairment in older ages can be treated (e. - Community wide interventions for increasing physical activity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jan-2015
Multi-strategic community wide interventions for physical activity are increasingly popular but their ability to achieve population level improvements is unknown. - Community-based intervention packages for reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and improving neonatal outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Mar-2015
While maternal, infant and under-five child mortality rates in developing countries have declined significantly in the past two to three decades, newborn mortality rates have reduced much more slowly. While it is recognised that almost half of the newborn - Community-based interventions for the prevention of burns and scalds in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Burns and scalds are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Successful counter-measures to prevent burn and scald-related injury have been identified. However, evidence indicating the successful roll-out of these counter-measures into - Community-based maternal and newborn educational care packages for improving neonatal health and survival in low- and middle-income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2019
In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), health services are under-utilised, and several studies have reported improvements in neonatal outcomes following health education imparted to mothers in homes, at health units, or in hospitals. However, evalua - Community-based population-level interventions for promoting child oral health
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Dec-2016
Dental caries and gingival and periodontal disease are commonly occurring, preventable chronic conditions. Even though much is known about how to treat oral disease, currently we do not know which community-based population-level interventions are most ef - Community-based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-May-2012
Supplementary feeding is defined as the provision of extra food to children or families beyond the normal ration of their home diets. The impact of food supplementation on child growth merits careful evaluation in view of the reliance of many states and n - Comparative effectiveness of continuation and maintenance treatments for persistent depressive disorder in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2019
Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) is defined as a depressive disorder with a minimum illness duration of two years, including four diagnostic subgroups (dysthymia, chronic major depression, recurrent major depression with incomplete remission between e - Comparative efficacy of epidural, subarachnoid, and intracerebroventricular opioids in patients with pain due to cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2015
Since the 1970s, when endogenous opioids and opioid receptors were first isolated in the central nervous system, attempts have been made to optimize opioid therapy by delivering the medication centrally rather than systemically. Although the vast majority - Comparison of a restrictive versus liberal red cell transfusion policy for patients with myelodysplasia, aplastic anaemia, and other congenital bone marrow failure disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Sep-2015
Bone marrow failure disorders include a heterogenous group of disorders, of which myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), forms the largest subgroup. MDS is predominantly a disease of the elderly, with many elderly people managed conservatively with regular allog - Comparison of a therapeutic-only versus prophylactic platelet transfusion policy for people with congenital or acquired bone marrow failure disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2018
Bone marrow disorders encompass a group of diseases characterised by reduced production of red cells, white cells, and platelets, or defects in their function, or both. The most common bone marrow disorder is myelodysplastic syndrome. Thrombocytopenia, a - Comparison of animal-derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Dec-2015
Animal-derived surfactants have been shown to have several advantages over the first generation synthetic surfactants and are the most commonly used surfactant preparations. The animal-derived surfactants in clinical use are minced or lavaged and modified - Comparison of antiepileptic drugs, no treatment, or placebo for children with benign epilepsy with centro temporal spikes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Aug-2014
Benign Epilepsy with Centro Temporal Spikes (BECTS) is a common epilepsy syndrome with onset in childhood which almost always remits by adolescence. It is characterised by focal seizures associated with motor signs and somatosensory symptoms, at times pro - Comparison of different platelet count thresholds to guide administration of prophylactic platelet transfusion for preventing bleeding in people with haematological disorders after myelosuppressive chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Nov-2015
Platelet transfusions are used in modern clinical practice to prevent and treat bleeding in people who are thrombocytopenic due to bone marrow failure. Although considerable advances have been made in platelet transfusion therapy in the last 40 years, som - Comparison of different platelet transfusion thresholds prior to insertion of central lines in patients with thrombocytopenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2015
Patients with a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) often require the insertion of central lines (central venous catheters (CVCs)). CVCs have a number of uses; these include: administration of chemotherapy; intensive monitoring and treatment of critical - Comparison of different regimens of proton pump inhibitors for acute peptic ulcer bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2013
Treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) improves clinical outcomes in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding. However, the optimal dose and route of administration of PPIs remains controversial.
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